Surah Al-Ma'un ek Makki Surah hai jis mein un logon ki nishaniyan bayan ki gayi hain jo deen aur aakhirat ke hisab ko jhutlate hain. Is Surah ki Markazi Theme 'Samaaji (social) zimmedariyan aur dikhawe ki ibadat' hai. Allah farmata hai ke 'Kya Aap ne us shakhs ko dekha jo jaza-o-saza ko jhutlata hai? Yeh wahi hai jo yateem ko dhakke deta hai aur miskeen ko khana khilane ki targeeb nahi deta'. Ahkam aur naseehatein yeh hain: Is mein un namaziyon ke liye 'Wail' (tabahi/halakat) ka zikr hai jo apni namazon se ghafil hain, jo sirf logon ko dikhane ke liye (Riya-kaari) namaz parhte hain, aur jo aam istemal ki choti-choti cheezein (Ma'un) maangne par dene se mana karte hain. Yeh Surah humein sabaq deti hai ke khalis ibadat wohi hai jo insaan ke ikhlaq aur doosron ki madad mein nazar aaye.
Surah 107 : 0
بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
Allah ke Naam se, jo bada Meherbaan, Nihayat Reham waala hai.
Yeh mubarak ayat har achhe kaam ki ibtida mein padhi jati hai, taake us kaam mein Allah Ta'ala ki barkat aur madad shamil ho. Is mein Allah ke do azeem sifati naam Ar-Rahman aur Ar-Rahim bayan kiye gaye hain. Ar-Rahman us zaat ko kehte hain jiski rehmat tamam makhlooq ke liye aam hai, chahe woh momin ho ya kafir. Jabke Ar-Rahim us zaat ko kehte hain jiski rehmat khaas taur par sirf momineen ke liye hai, khaas kar Aakhirat mein. Is tarah, Bismillah kehne se hum Allah ki wasee rehmat aur uski khaas shafqat dono ka iqrar karte hain, aur uski panah aur madad talab karte hain.
Surah 107 : 1
اَرَءَیْتَ الَّذِیْ یُكَذِّبُ بِالدِّیْنِؕ
Kya aap ne us shakhs ko dekha jo jaza aur saza ko jhutlata hai?
Allah Ta'ala Rasool Allah (SAW) se mukhatib hokar pooch raha hai ke kya aap ne us shakhs ko dekha jo deen ya jaza-saza ke din ko jhutlata hai? Yahan 'deen' se murad qayamat ka din, ya Islam ka poora nizam, ya aakhirat mein aamal ka badla hai. Jo shakhs qayamat aur aakhirat ke hisab kitab ko nahi manta, uske aamal mein be-parwahi aur zulm paida ho jata hai. Usay na Allah ka khauf hota hai aur na hi uske bandon par reham aata hai. Yeh ayat agay aane wali ayaton ke liye bunyad faraham karti hai, jahan aise shakhs ki nishaniyan bayan ki jayengi. Is se murad woh log hain jo Allah ke ahkamat aur uske badle par yaqeen nahi rakhte, aur isi wajah se unke akhlaq aur muaamlat mein kharabi aa jati hai. Unka dil sakht ho jata hai aur woh insaniyat ke bunyadi huqooq ko bhi nazar andaz kar dete hain.
Surah 107 : 2
فَذٰلِكَ الَّذِیْ یَدُعُّ الْیَتِیْمَۙ
To wohi shakhs hai jo Yateem ko dhakke deta hai.
Pichli ayat mein deen ko jhutlanay walay ka zikr tha, ab uski pehli nishani bayan ki ja rahi hai. Yeh woh shakhs hai jo yateem ko dhakke deta hai, us par zulm karta hai aur uske huqooq ada nahi karta. 'Yadu'' ka matlab hai dhakke dena, sakhti karna, ya usay door karna. Yateem woh bacha hai jiske walid ka inteqal ho gaya ho aur woh abhi baligh na hua ho. Islam mein yateem ke huqooq par bahut zor diya gaya hai aur un par zulm karna sakht gunah hai. Allah Ta'ala ne Quran mein kayi maqamat par yateem ki parwarish aur unke maal ki hifazat ka hukm diya hai. Is ayat mein aise shakhs ki be-rehmi aur sangdili ko wazeh kiya gaya hai jo aakhirat ke hisab kitab par yaqeen na rakhne ki wajah se kamzoron par zulm karta hai aur unki madad karne ke bajaye unhe takleef deta hai. Yeh uske andar ke imaan ki kamzori ki alamat hai.
Surah 107 : 3
وَ لَا یَحُضُّ عَلٰى طَعَامِ الْمِسْكِیْنِؕ
Aur miskeen ko khana khilanay ki targheeb nahi deta.
Deen ko jhutlanay walay ki doosri nishani yeh hai ke woh miskeenon ko khana khilanay ki targheeb nahi deta, na khud khilata hai aur na doosron ko iski taraf raghib karta hai. 'Miskeen' woh shakhs hai jo apni zarooriyat poori karne ke liye mohtaj ho aur apni hajat ko zahir na kar sake. Is ayat mein sirf khana khilanay ki baat nahi, balkay har qism ki madad aur hamdardi se ghaflat ki taraf ishara hai. Jo shakhs aakhirat par yaqeen rakhta hai, woh Allah ki raza ke liye ghareebon aur miskeenon ki madad karta hai, jabke deen ko jhutlanay wala is ehsas se mehroom hota hai. Woh samajhta hai ke uske maal mein kisi ka haq nahi. Yeh uski be-parwahi aur khud-gharzi ko zahir karta hai, aur uske dil ki sakhti ki daleel hai. Quran mein kayi jagah miskeenon ko khana khilanay ki fazeelat bayan ki gayi hai, aur isse ghaflat ko sakht gunah qarar diya gaya hai.
Surah 107 : 4
فَوَیْلٌ لِّلْمُصَلِّیْنَۙ
To halakat hai un namaziyon ke liye.
Pichli ayaton mein deen ko jhutlanay walon ki nishaniyan bayan ki gayin. Ab Allah Ta'ala un namaziyon ko dhamki de raha hai jo apni namaz mein ghaflat barattay hain. 'Wail' (halakat) ek sakht dhamki hai, jo jahannum ki ek wadi ka naam bhi bataya gaya hai. Yeh dhamki un logon ke liye hai jo namaz to padhte hain, lekin uski rooh aur maqsad se ghafil hain. Is se murad woh log nahi jo kabhi namaz chhod dete hain, balkay woh hain jo namaz ko sirf ek rasam samajhte hain aur uski pabandi aur khushu-o-khuzu ka khayal nahi rakhte. Woh namaz ko bojh samajhte hain aur usay jaldi jaldi ada karte hain, ya uske waqt ka khayal nahi rakhte. Yeh ayat is baat ki taraf ishara karti hai ke sirf namaz ada karna kafi nahi, balkay usay sahih tareeqay se aur tawajjo ke saath ada karna zaroori hai.
Surah 107 : 5
الَّذِیْنَ هُمْ عَنْ صَلَاتِهِمْ سَاهُوْنَۙ
Jo apni namazon se ghafil hain.
Yeh ayat pichli ayat ki wazahat hai. 'Sahoon' ka matlab hai ghafil hona, be-parwah hona. Yahan un namaziyon ka zikr hai jo apni namazon se ghafil rehtay hain, ya to waqt par ada nahi karte, ya uski shara'it aur arkaan ka khayal nahi rakhte, ya us mein khushu aur tawajjo nahi hoti. Imam Bukhari (RA) ne farmaya ke is se murad woh log hain jo namaz ko uske waqt se moakhar karte hain.
Hadees: "Nabi Kareem (SAW) ne farmaya: 'Yeh munafiq ki namaz hai, woh baitha hua suraj ka intezar karta rehta hai, yahan tak ke jab suraj shaitan ke do seengon ke darmiyan aa jata hai, to woh uth kar char thongein marta hai, aur Allah ko bahut kam yaad karta hai.'" (Sahih Muslim: 622)
Is ayat mein un logon ki mazammat ki gayi hai jo namaz ko sirf dikhaway ke liye ya be-dili se ada karte hain. Unki namaz unhe buraiyon se nahi rokti, kyunki unka dil namaz mein haazir nahi hota. Namaz ki asal rooh Allah se ta'alluq aur uski yaad hai, aur jo isse ghafil ho, uski namaz be-faida hai.
Surah 107 : 6
الَّذِیْنَ هُمْ یُرَآءُوْنَۙ
Jo riya-kari (dikhawe) karte hain.
Is ayat mein un logon ki sifat bayan ki gayi hai jo apni ibadaton aur nek aamaal mein riya-kari karte hain. Riya-kari ka matlab hai Allah ki raza ke bajaye logon ko dikhane aur unki tareef hasil karne ke liye koi amal karna. Yeh amal ki rooh ko khatam kar deta hai aur uski qabuliyat ko radd kar deta hai.
Islam mein riya-kari ko shirk-e-asghar (chhota shirk) qarar diya gaya hai, kyunki ismein Allah ke saath uski makhlooq ko bhi amal ka shareek banaya jata hai. Yeh un logon ki nishani hai jo deen ko jhutlate hain aur apni namazon se ghafil hain, kyunki unki ibadat mein ikhlas nahi hota.
Rasoolullah ﷺ ne farmaya: "Allah Ta'ala farmata hai: Main shirk karne walon ke shirk se sab se zyada be-niyaz hoon. Jo shakhs koi amal karta hai aur usmein mere saath kisi aur ko shareek karta hai, main usko aur uske shirk ko chhod deta hoon." (Sahih Muslim: 2985) Is hadith se riya ki shiddat aur Allah ki narazgi wazeh hoti hai.
Surah 107 : 7
وَ یَمْنَعُوْنَ الْمَاعُوْنَ۠ ۧ ۧ
Aur ma'un (mamooli cheezein) dene se inkar karte hain.
Yeh ayat un logon ki ek aur buri sifat ko bayan karti hai jo ma'un ko rokte hain. Ma'un se murad woh mamooli aur rozmarra ki zaruriyat ki cheezein hain jo log aam taur par ek doosre ko udhaar dete hain ya baghair kisi ajr ke madad ke taur par faraham karte hain, jaise bartan, namak, pani, aag, ya choti moti madad.
Iska matlab hai ke yeh log itne kanjoos aur sangdil hote hain ke woh choti choti cheezein bhi doosron ko dene se inkar karte hain, jabke un cheezon se unka apna koi nuqsan nahi hota. Yeh amal insani hamdardi aur akhlaqi qadron ke bilkul khilaf hai.
Jo shakhs namaz mein riya-kari karta hai aur deen se ghafil hai, woh aam insani humdardi se bhi mehroom hota hai. Ma'un rokna un logon ki nishani hai jo akhirat par yaqeen nahi rakhte aur unke dilon mein Allah ka khauf aur makhlooq ki mohabbat nahi hoti.
