Surah Al-Kafirun ek Makki Surah hai jo us waqt nazil hui jab kuffar-e-Makkah ne Nabi {ص} ko deen par samjhota (compromise) karne ki peshkash ki thi. Is Surah ki Markazi Theme 'Deen mein kisi qism ki milawat ka inkar aur Imaan par istiqaamat' hai. Allah ne saaf lafzon mein elaan karne ka hukm diya ke 'O kafiron! Main unki ibadat nahi karta jin ki tum ibadat karte ho, aur na tum Us (Allah) ki ibadat karne wale ho Jis ki main ibadat karta hoon'. Ahkam aur naseehatein yeh hain ke imaan aur shirk kabhi ek jagah jama nahi ho sakte. Is Surah ka ikhtetam is mashhoor ayat par hota hai: 'Tumhare liye tumhara deen hai aur mere liye mera deen'. Yeh Surah humein sabaq deti hai ke haq aur baatil ke muamle mein koi 'middle ground' nahi hota aur momin ko apne aqeeday par mazbooti se qayam rehna chahiye.
Surah 109 : 0
بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
Allah ke Naam se, jo bada Meherbaan, Nihayat Reham waala hai.
Yeh mubarak ayat har achhe kaam ki ibtida mein padhi jati hai, taake us kaam mein Allah Ta'ala ki barkat aur madad shamil ho. Is mein Allah ke do azeem sifati naam Ar-Rahman aur Ar-Rahim bayan kiye gaye hain. Ar-Rahman us zaat ko kehte hain jiski rehmat tamam makhlooq ke liye aam hai, chahe woh momin ho ya kafir. Jabke Ar-Rahim us zaat ko kehte hain jiski rehmat khaas taur par sirf momineen ke liye hai, khaas kar Aakhirat mein. Is tarah, Bismillah kehne se hum Allah ki wasee rehmat aur uski khaas shafqat dono ka iqrar karte hain, aur uski panah aur madad talab karte hain.
Surah 109 : 1
قُلْ یٰۤاَیُّهَا الْكٰفِرُوْنَ
Keh dijiye, "Aye kafiro!"
Is Ayat mein Allah Ta'ala ne apne Nabi Muhammad ﷺ ko hukm diya ke woh kafiron ko mukhatib kar ke ek wazeh aur do tok elan karein. Yeh elan Islam aur kufr ke darmiyan bunyadi farq ko numaya karta hai. "Aye kafiro!" keh kar, un logon ko pukara gaya hai jinhone haq ko jhutlaya aur shirk par qayam rahe. Is se zahir hota hai ke Islam mein haq aur batil ke darmiyan koi samjhota nahi ho sakta. Yeh ayat us waqt nazil hui jab Makka ke mushrikeen ne Nabi ﷺ ko peshkash ki thi ke woh ek saal unke maboodon ki ibadat karein aur ek saal woh Allah ki ibadat karein. Is ayat ne is peshkash ko do tok rad kar diya.
Imam Muslim ne riwayat kiya hai ke Nabi ﷺ Surah Al-Kafirun aur Surah Al-Ikhlas ko subah ki sunnaton aur maghrib ki sunnaton mein padha karte the, jo in suraton ki ahmiyat ko darshata hai. (Sahih Muslim, Hadees: 726)
Surah 109 : 2
لَاۤ اَعْبُدُ مَا تَعْبُدُوْنَ
Main unki ibadat nahi karta jinki tum ibadat karte ho.
Is Ayat mein Nabi ﷺ ko hukm diya gaya ke woh kafiron se saaf lafzon mein keh dein ke "Main unki ibadat nahi karta jinki tum ibadat karte ho." Yeh Allah ki tauheed aur shirk se mukammal bara'at (disassociation) ka elan hai. Mushrikeen Makka buto aur deegar jhoote maboodon ki ibadat karte the, jabke Nabi ﷺ sirf ek Allah ki ibadat karte the. Is ayat se yeh wazeh hota hai ke Islam mein ibadat sirf aur sirf Allah ke liye khas hai aur usmein kisi aur ko shareek karna shirk hai, jo ke sabse bada gunah hai. Yeh elan is baat ki bunyad rakhta hai ke Islam aur kufr ke tareeqe ibadat mein koi mushabihat nahi.
Quran mein Allah Ta'ala farmata hai: "Aur Allah hi ki ibadat karo aur uske saath kisi cheez ko shareek na karo." (Surah An-Nisa, 4:36)
Surah 109 : 3
وَ لَاۤ اَنْتُمْ عٰبِدُوْنَ مَاۤ اَعْبُدُ
Aur na hi tum uski ibadat karne wale ho jiski main ibadat karta hu.
Is Ayat mein Allah Ta'ala ne wazeh kiya ke "Aur na hi tum uski ibadat karne wale ho jiski main ibadat karta hu." Yeh sirf Nabi ﷺ ki taraf se shirk se bara'at ka elan nahi, balkay kafiron ki taraf se bhi tauheed ki ibadat se inkar ka izhar hai. Iska matlab yeh hai ke kafiron ka tareeqa-e-ibadat aur musalmanon ka tareeqa-e-ibadat bilkul mukhtalif hain. Unke mabood alag hain aur unka ibadat ka falsafa bhi alag hai. Allah Ta'ala ki ibadat sirf uski wahdaniyat ko tasleem karne se hi mumkin hai, jabke kafir shirk mein mubtala hain. Is ayat se yeh bhi wazeh hota hai ke haq aur batil ke raaste kabhi yakja nahi ho sakte.
Imam Tabari ne is ayat ki tafseer mein zikr kiya hai ke iska matlab yeh hai ke tumhare tareeqe aur mere tareeqe mein koi mushabihat nahi.
Surah 109 : 4
وَ لَاۤ اَنَا عَابِدٌ مَّا عَبَدْتُّمْ
Aur na main unki ibadat karne wala hu jinki tumne ibadat ki.
Is Ayat mein pehli doosri ayat ki tarah ibadat se bara'at ka izhar hai, lekin yahan "mā 'abadtum" (jinki tumne ibadat ki) alfaaz istemal hue hain, jo guzishta zamane ki ibadat ko bhi shamil karte hain. Iska matlab yeh hai ke Nabi ﷺ ne na sirf haal mein mushrikeen ke maboodon ki ibadat se inkar kiya, balkay unke guzishta tareeqon aur unke aba-o-ajdad ki ibadat se bhi mukammal bara'at ka elan kiya. Yeh is baat par zor deta hai ke Islam mein tauheed ka aqeeda har zamane aur har halat mein qaim rehta hai aur usmein koi tabdeeli nahi aa sakti. Yeh ayat musalmanon ko sikhata hai ke woh apne deen par mazbooti se qaim rahein aur kisi bhi qism ke shirk se door rahein.
Hazrat Ali (R.A.) se riwayat hai ke Surah Al-Kafirun shirk se bara'at ka elan hai.
Surah 109 : 5
وَ لَاۤ اَنْتُمْ عٰبِدُوْنَ مَاۤ اَعْبُدُ
Aur na hi tum uski ibadat karne wale ho jiski main ibadat karta hu.
Yeh Ayat Surah Al-Kafirun ki teesri ayat ki tarah hai, lekin iska takrar (repetition) mazboot istiqamat aur mustaqbil mein bhi tauheed par qaim rehne ki daleel hai. "Aur na hi tum uski ibadat karne wale ho jiski main ibadat karta hu." Yeh elan is baat ko pukhta karta hai ke kafiron ke liye Allah ki wahdaniyat ko tasleem karna mushkil hai aur woh apne shirk par qaim rahenge. Isi tarah, musalman bhi mustaqbil mein kabhi shirk ki taraf mail nahi honge. Yeh Surah ka ikhtitam hai jo Islam aur kufr ke darmiyan ek wazeh hadd-e-fasl qaim karta hai. Is se musalmanon ko apne deen par fakhr aur mazbooti se qaim rehne ki tarbiyat milti hai, aur yeh bataya jata hai ke haq aur batil kabhi ikhatte nahi ho sakte.
Imam Bukhari ne Hazrat Abdullah bin Mas'ood (R.A.) se riwayat kiya hai ke Nabi ﷺ ne farmaya: "Jo shakhs Surah Al-Kafirun padhta hai, woh shirk se bari ho jata hai." (Al-Adab Al-Mufrad, Hadees: 663)
Surah 109 : 6
لَكُمْ دِیْنُكُمْ وَ لِیَ دِیْنِ
Tumhare liye tumhara deen hai aur mere liye mera deen hai.
Yeh Surah Al-Kafirun ki aakhri ayat hai, jo deen ke mamle mein kisi bhi qism ke samjhote ki nafi karti hai. Is ayat mein Allah Ta'ala ne Rasoolullah (SAW) ko hukm diya ke woh mushrikeen-e-Makkah ko wazeh taur par bata dein ke unka deen unke liye hai aur Musalmanon ka deen Musalmanon ke liye hai. Iska matlab yeh hai ke iman aur kufr ke darmiyan koi mel-jol nahi ho sakta.
Jab mushrikeen ne Nabi Akram (SAW) se yeh tajweez pesh ki ke woh ek saal unke maboodon ki ibadat karein aur agle saal woh Allah ki ibadat karein, to is par yeh Surah nazil hui. Is ayat ne is tajweez ko mukammal taur par mustarad kar diya. Islam tawheed par mabni hai aur shirk se mukammal bezaari ka elaan karta hai. Is mein aqeede ki pakizgi aur bunyadi usoolon par istiqamat ka dars hai.
Is ayat ka maqsad yeh hai ke Musalman apne deen par qaim rahein aur kafiron ke deen se mukammal taur par alag rahein. Yeh deeni azadi aur har ek ke liye apne aqeede par amal karne ki ijazat ka bhi pehlu rakhti hai, lekin Musalmanon ko apne deen mein kisi bhi qism ki milawat se sakhti se mana karti hai.
