Surah Al-Masad (jisay Surah Lahab bhi kaha jata hai) ek Makki Surah hai jo Nabi {ص} ke sagey chacha Abu Lahab aur uski biwi ke sakht dushmani wale ravaiye par nazil hui. Is Surah ki Markazi Theme 'Dushman-e-Rasool ka anjaam aur bad-masti ki saza' hai. Allah ne elaan farmaya ke 'Abu Lahab ke dono haath toot gaye aur woh halak ho gaya'. Ismein bataya gaya hai ke na us ka maal uske kaam aaya aur na uski kamayi (aulad). Ahkam aur naseehatein yeh hain ke jo haq ki raah mein rukawatein dalte hain, unka thikana 'sholay marti hui aag' hai. Abu Lahab ki biwi ka bhi zikr hai, jo Nabi {ص} ke raaste mein kante bichati thi; uske bare mein farmaya gaya ke woh dozakh ka indhan (fuel) uthane wali hogi aur uski gardan mein 'khajoor ki chhaal ki rassi' hogi. Yeh Surah ek paighambari pesh-goi (prophecy) bhi thi ke yeh log kabhi imaan nahi layenge.
Surah 111 : 0
بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
Allah ke Naam se, jo bada Meherbaan, Nihayat Reham waala hai.
Yeh mubarak ayat har achhe kaam ki ibtida mein padhi jati hai, taake us kaam mein Allah Ta'ala ki barkat aur madad shamil ho. Is mein Allah ke do azeem sifati naam Ar-Rahman aur Ar-Rahim bayan kiye gaye hain. Ar-Rahman us zaat ko kehte hain jiski rehmat tamam makhlooq ke liye aam hai, chahe woh momin ho ya kafir. Jabke Ar-Rahim us zaat ko kehte hain jiski rehmat khaas taur par sirf momineen ke liye hai, khaas kar Aakhirat mein. Is tarah, Bismillah kehne se hum Allah ki wasee rehmat aur uski khaas shafqat dono ka iqrar karte hain, aur uski panah aur madad talab karte hain.
Surah 111 : 1
تَبَّتْ یَدَاۤ اَبِیْ لَهَبٍ وَّ تَبَّؕ
Toot gaye Abu Lahab ke dono haath aur woh barbaad ho gaya.
Yeh Surah Abu Lahab aur uski biwi ke baare mein nazil hui, jo Nabi Akram (SAW) ke sakht tareen dushmanon mein se the. Is ayat mein Allah Ta'ala ne Abu Lahab ki tabahi aur barbadi ka elaan kiya hai. 'Tabbat yada Abi Lahab' ka matlab hai 'Abu Lahab ke dono haath toot gaye', jo uski quwwat aur taaqat ki barbadi ki alamat hai. Aur 'wa tabb' ka matlab hai 'aur woh khud bhi barbaad ho gaya'. Yeh uski dunya aur akhirat dono ki barbadi ka paigham hai. Usne Nabi (SAW) ki dawat ki mukhalifat mein koi kasar nahi chhodi thi, aur aap (SAW) ko takleef dene mein sab se aage tha. Is ayat mein uski dushmani ka anjaam bayan kiya gaya hai.
Surah 111 : 2
مَاۤ اَغْنٰى عَنْهُ مَالُهٗ وَ مَا كَسَبَؕ
Na uske kaam aaya uska maal aur na jo usne kamaya.
Is ayat mein Allah Ta'ala ne wazeh kiya hai ke Abu Lahab ka maal-o-daulat aur uski kamaai, jo usne apni zindagi mein jama ki thi, usko Allah ke azab se bacha nahi sakegi. Dunya ki daulat aur martaba, jab Allah ki nafarmani aur Rasool (SAW) ki mukhalifat mein istemal ho, to woh akhirat mein koi faida nahi deti. Abu Lahab ko apne maal aur aulaad par bada ghamand tha, lekin yeh sab uske liye be-faida saabit hue. Yeh ayat is baat ki daleel hai ke sirf imaan aur amal-e-saleh hi insaan ko Allah ke azab se bacha sakte hain, na ke dunya ki fani cheezein.
Surah 111 : 3
سَیَصْلٰى نَارًا ذَاتَ لَهَبٍۚۖ
Woh jald hi sholon wali aag mein dakhil hoga.
Is ayat mein Abu Lahab ke akhirat ke anjaam ka zikr hai. Use 'Naaran zaata lahab' yaani 'sholon wali aag' mein dakhil kiya jayega. Yeh uske naam 'Abu Lahab' (aag ka baap ya sholon wala) ke mutabiq hi uski saza hai. Jis tarah woh dunya mein Nabi (SAW) ke khilaf aag bhadkata tha, usi tarah akhirat mein use aag ke sholon mein dala jayega. Yeh Allah Ta'ala ki taraf se uske kufr aur dushmani ka seedha badla hai. Yeh ayat is baat ki nishani hai ke Allah ke Rasool (SAW) se dushmani karne walon ka anjaam kitna dardnaak hota hai.
Surah 111 : 4
وَّ امْرَاَتُهٗ١ؕ حَمَّالَةَ الْحَطَبِۚ
Aur uski biwi bhi, jo lakdiyan dhone wali hai.
Is ayat mein Abu Lahab ki biwi, Umm Jameel, ka zikr hai, jo Nabi Akram (SAW) ki sakht mukhalif thi. Use 'Hammalat al-Hatab' (lakdiyan dhone wali) kaha gaya hai. Iski do tafseeren hain: ek yeh ke woh jungle se kaante aur lakdiyan laakar Nabi (SAW) ke raaste mein bichhaati thi taake aapko takleef ho. Doosri tafseer yeh hai ke woh chugli khori aur fitna-fasaad phailane mein mahir thi, aur chugli ko lakdiyan dhone se tashbeeh di gayi hai, kyunki woh aag lagane ka kaam karti hai. Uska yeh amal uske jahannami hone ki daleel hai aur uske gunahon ki shiddat ko bayan karta hai.
Surah 111 : 5
فِیْ جِیْدِهَا حَبْلٌ مِّنْ مَّسَدٍ۠ ۧ ۧ
Uski gardan mein khajoor ki chhaal ki rassi hogi.
Is aakhri ayat mein Umm Jameel ki akhirat ki saza ka zikr hai. Farmaya gaya hai ke uski gardan mein 'hablum mim masad' yaani khajoor ki chhaal ya reshe ki rassi hogi. Yeh uski zillat aur ruswai ki alamat hai. Kuch mufassireen kehte hain ke yeh rassi uske un kaanton aur lakdiyon ko dhone ki saza hai jo woh Nabi (SAW) ke raaste mein bichhaati thi. Jabke kuch kehte hain ke yeh uski chugli khori aur fitna-fasaad phailane ki saza hai, jaisa ke dunya mein lakdiyan dhone wale mazdoor ki gardan mein rassi hoti hai. Yeh uske gunahon ke bojh aur akhirat mein uski be-basi ko zahir karta hai.
