Surah Al-Ikhlas ek Makki Surah hai jo Tauheed (Allah ki wahdaniyat) ka sab se jame' (comprehensive) bayan hai. Is Surah ki Markazi Theme 'Allah ki zaat aur uski sifaat ka ta'aruf' hai. Allah ne farmaya ke 'Keh dijiye ke Woh Allah Ek hai'. Is mein char ahem hifazat-e-aqeeda ki baatein hain: 1) Allah 'Samad' hai (woh be-niyaz hai, sab uske mohtaj hain aur woh kisi ka mohtaj nahi), 2) 'Us ne kisi ko nahi jana' (Us ki koi aulad nahi), 3) 'Na woh kisi se jana gaya' (Us ka koi maa-baap nahi), aur 4) 'Uska koi hum-sar (barabar ka) nahi hai'. Ahkam aur naseehatein yeh hain ke Allah har kism ke shirkiya tasawwur se pak hai. Yeh Surah har qism ke galat aqaaid ki nafi karti hai aur insaan ko khalis Tauheed ki dawat deti hai.
Surah 112 : 0
بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
Allah ke Naam se, jo bada Meherbaan, Nihayat Reham waala hai.
Yeh mubarak ayat har achhe kaam ki ibtida mein padhi jati hai, taake us kaam mein Allah Ta'ala ki barkat aur madad shamil ho. Is mein Allah ke do azeem sifati naam Ar-Rahman aur Ar-Rahim bayan kiye gaye hain. Ar-Rahman us zaat ko kehte hain jiski rehmat tamam makhlooq ke liye aam hai, chahe woh momin ho ya kafir. Jabke Ar-Rahim us zaat ko kehte hain jiski rehmat khaas taur par sirf momineen ke liye hai, khaas kar Aakhirat mein. Is tarah, Bismillah kehne se hum Allah ki wasee rehmat aur uski khaas shafqat dono ka iqrar karte hain, aur uski panah aur madad talab karte hain.
Surah 112 : 1
قُلْ هُوَ اللّٰهُ اَحَدٌ
Kaho, woh Allah ek hai.
Yeh Surah Al-Ikhlas ki pehli ayat hai jo Allah Ta'ala ki wahdaniyat (ek hone) ka ailan karti hai. Is ayat mein Allah Ta'ala ne apne aap ko 'Ahad' kaha hai, jiska matlab hai ke woh apni zaat, sifat aur af'aal mein yakta aur be-misaal hai. Uska koi shareek nahi, na uski zaat mein, na uski sifaton mein aur na uske ikhtiyarat mein. Yeh ayat shirk ki har qism ki tardeed karti hai aur Tawheed ki buniyad hai. Is mein musalmanon ko Allah ki wahdaniyat ka iqrar karne aur us par pukhta yaqeen rakhne ka hukm diya gaya hai.
Surah 112 : 2
اَللّٰهُ الصَّمَدُ
Allah be-niyaz hai (sab uske mohtaj hain).
Is ayat mein Allah Ta'ala ki ek aur azeem sifat 'As-Samad' bayan ki gayi hai. 'As-Samad' ka matlab hai be-niyaz, woh zaat jo kisi ki mohtaj na ho, jabke tamam makhlooq apni har zaroorat ke liye usi ki mohtaj ho aur usi ki taraf rujoo karti ho. Woh apni zaat mein mukammal hai, use na khane ki zaroorat hai, na peene ki, na sone ki aur na kisi aur cheez ki. Sab uske dar ke faqeer hain aur woh sab ka malik aur paalne wala hai. Har mushkil mein, har hajat mein, har choti aur badi baat mein insaan usi ki taraf palat'ta hai.
Surah 112 : 3
لَمْ یَلِدْ وَ لَمْ یُوْلَدْ
Na usne kisi ko janam diya aur na woh kisi se paida hua.
Yeh ayat Allah Ta'ala ki mutlaq azadi aur be-misaali ko mazeed wazeh karti hai. Is mein Allah Ta'ala ne do ahem baaton ki nafi ki hai: pehli yeh ke usne kisi ko janam nahi diya, aur doosri yeh ke woh khud kisi se paida nahi hua. Yeh is baat ki daleel hai ke Allah Ta'ala ka koi shareek nahi, na uski koi aulaad hai aur na woh kisi ka beta hai. Isaaiyon ke aqeeday (ke Isa Allah ke bete hain) aur mushrikeen ke aqeeday (ke farishte Allah ki betiyan hain) ki sakhti se tardeed ki gayi hai. Allah Ta'ala hamesha se hai aur hamesha rahega, uski zaat paidaish aur aulaad ke ta'alluq se paak hai.
Surah 112 : 4
وَ لَمْ یَكُنْ لَّهٗ كُفُوًا اَحَدٌ
Aur na koi uske barabar hai.
Surah Al-Ikhlas ki yeh aakhri ayat Allah Ta'ala ki mutlaq be-misaali aur yaktaai ka ikhtitam karti hai. Is mein bayan kiya gaya hai ke Allah Ta'ala ka koi hum-palla, koi barabar, koi misaal ya koi shareek nahi. Koi bhi cheez uski zaat, sifaton aur af'aal mein uske mushabeh nahi ho sakti. Woh har qism ki kamzori, aib aur naqais se paak hai. Yeh ayat Tawheed ki takmeel karti hai aur is baat par zor deti hai ke Allah Ta'ala apni zaat mein wahid aur yagana hai, aur koi bhi uske muqable mein nahi aa sakta. Is Surah ko 'Surah Tawheed' bhi kaha jata hai kyunke yeh Allah ki wahdaniyat aur be-misaali ko mukammal taur par bayan karti hai.
