Surah Al-Hujurat (Kamre) ek Madani Surah hai aur ise Islam ka 'Social Code of Conduct' ya 'Aadab-e-Zindagi' bhi kaha jata hai. Iska nuzool Madinah mein us waqt hua jab Islam phail raha tha aur mukhtalif qabail ke log Nabi Kareem {صَلَّى اَللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ} ki khidmat mein hazir hote the, magar unhein dargaah-e-risaalat ke aadab ka poora ilm nahi tha. Is Surah ki Markazi Theme 'Islami Muashre ke Akhlaqi Usool' aur 'Insaani Azmat' hai. Surah ka naam 'Al-Hujurat' un kamron ki munasbat se hai jinmein Azwaaj-e-Mutahharaat rehti theen aur jinke bahar khade ho kar log Nabi {صَلَّى اَللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ} ko bulate the.Surah ki shuruaat mein Allah aur Uske Rasool ke adab ka zikr hai ke Momineen ko apni awaz Nabi {صَلَّى اَللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ} ki awaz se oonchi nahi karni chahiye, warna unke nek amaal zaya ho sakte hain. Iske baad muashrati buraiyon ko khatam karne ke liye bohot ahem hidayat di gayi hain. Musalmanon ko hukm diya gaya ke jab koi fasiq (buri khabar lane wala) koi khabar laye to pehle uski tehqeeq (verification) kar liya karo taake ghalti se kisi qaum ko nuqsan na pahuche. Agar do Musalman groh aapas mein ladein to unke darmiyan insaf ke saath sulah karani chahiye, kyunki tamam Momineen aapas mein bhai-bhai hain.Ahkam aur naseehatein yeh hain ke is Surah mein 6 bade gunahon se sakhti se mana kiya gaya hai: mazaak udana, tana dena (defaming), bure naam rakhna, bad-gumani (suspicion) karna, jasoosi (spying) karna, aur Gheebat (backbiting) karna. Gheebat karne ko apne mare hue bhai ka gosht khane ke barabar qarar diya gaya hai. Ek aur bohot ahem baat yeh batayi gayi ke kisi insaan ki fazeelat uski nasal, rang ya qabeelay se nahi, balkeh sirf Taqwa (perhezgari) se hai. Allah ke nazdeek sab se zyada izzat wala woh hai jo sab se zyada gunahon se bachne wala ho. Aakhir mein 'Imaan' aur 'Islam' ka farq wazeh kiya gaya hai ke sirf zuban se Imaan lana kaafi nahi jab tak ke dil mein yaqeen paida na ho jaye.
Surah 49 : 0
بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
Allah ke Naam se, jo bada Meherbaan, Nihayat Reham waala hai.
Yeh mubarak ayat har achhe kaam ki ibtida mein padhi jati hai, taake us kaam mein Allah Ta'ala ki barkat aur madad shamil ho. Is mein Allah ke do azeem sifati naam Ar-Rahman aur Ar-Rahim bayan kiye gaye hain. Ar-Rahman us zaat ko kehte hain jiski rehmat tamam makhlooq ke liye aam hai, chahe woh momin ho ya kafir. Jabke Ar-Rahim us zaat ko kehte hain jiski rehmat khaas taur par sirf momineen ke liye hai, khaas kar Aakhirat mein. Is tarah, Bismillah kehne se hum Allah ki wasee rehmat aur uski khaas shafqat dono ka iqrar karte hain, aur uski panah aur madad talab karte hain.
Surah 49 : 1
یٰۤاَیُّهَا الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْا لَا تُقَدِّمُوْا بَیْنَ یَدَیِ اللّٰهِ وَ رَسُوْلِهٖ وَ اتَّقُوا اللّٰهَ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ سَمِیْعٌ عَلِیْمٌ
Aye imaan walo! Allah aur uske Rasool ke aage na badho, aur Allah se daro. Beshak Allah khoob sunne wala, khoob janne wala hai.
Is ayat mein Allah Ta'ala ne imaan walon ko adab sikhaya hai ke woh Allah aur uske Rasool (PBUH) ke muamle mein apni taraf se koi baat ya amal na karein. Iska matlab hai ke deen ke mamlaat mein apni raaye ya faisla Allah aur uske Rasool ke hukm se pehle na dein. Jab tak Allah aur uske Rasool ki taraf se koi hukm ya rehnumai na aa jaye, tab tak khamoshi ikhtiyar ki jaye. Yeh hukm is baat ki taraf ishara karta hai ke har musalman ko shariat ke ahkamaat aur sunnat-e-Nabawi (PBUH) ki pairwi mein sabqat hasil karni chahiye, na ke apni aqal ya khwahishat ko muqaddam rakhe. Allah se darna aur uski hudood ka khayal rakhna zaroori hai, kyunke Allah sab kuch sunne wala aur janne wala hai. Woh hamare iradon aur amalon se ba-khabar hai.
Hazrat Abdullah bin Abbas (R.A) farmate hain ke iska matlab hai ke Quran aur Sunnat ke khilaf koi baat na kaho.
Surah 49 : 2
یٰۤاَیُّهَا الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْا لَا تَرْفَعُوْۤا اَصْوَاتَكُمْ فَوْقَ صَوْتِ النَّبِیِّ وَ لَا تَجْهَرُوْا لَهٗ بِالْقَوْلِ كَجَهْرِ بَعْضِكُمْ لِبَعْضٍ اَنْ تَحْبَطَ اَعْمَالُكُمْ وَ اَنْتُمْ لَا تَشْعُرُوْنَ
Aye imaan walo! Apni awaazein Nabi ki awaaz se oonchi na karo aur na unse is tarah oonchi awaaz mein baat karo jaise tum aapas mein ek doosre se karte ho, kahin tumhare aamal barbaad na ho jayen aur tumhe khabar bhi na ho.
Yeh ayat imaan walon ko Rasoolullah (PBUH) ke sath baat cheet ke adab sikhati hai. Hukm diya gaya hai ke Nabi (PBUH) ki awaaz se apni awaaz oonchi na karein aur na unse is tarah oonchi awaaz mein baat karein jaise aapas mein ek doosre se karte hain. Iski wajah yeh batayi gayi hai ke is tarah ki be-adabi se tumhare aamal barbaad ho sakte hain aur tumhe iska ehsaas bhi na ho. Is hukm ka maqsad Nabi (PBUH) ki azmat aur martabe ka ehtiram qaim karna hai. Yeh sirf awaaz oonchi karne tak mehdood nahi, balkay har us amal se bachna hai jo be-adabi ke zumre mein aata ho, chahe woh qaul se ho ya fail se. Nabi (PBUH) ki shaan mein gustakhi duniya aur akhirat dono mein nuqsan ka baais ban sakti hai.
Sahih Bukhari (4847) mein hai ke jab yeh ayat nazil hui to Hazrat Abu Bakr (R.A) aur Hazrat Umar (R.A) ne apni awaazein itni dheemi kar leen ke Nabi (PBUH) ko unki baat sunne ke liye dobara poochhna padta tha.
Surah 49 : 3
اِنَّ الَّذِیْنَ یَغُضُّوْنَ اَصْوَاتَهُمْ عِنْدَ رَسُوْلِ اللّٰهِ اُولٰٓئِكَ الَّذِیْنَ امْتَحَنَ اللّٰهُ قُلُوْبَهُمْ لِلتَّقْوٰى لَهُمْ مَّغْفِرَةٌ وَّ اَجْرٌ عَظِیْمٌ
Beshak jo log apni awaazein Allah ke Rasool ke paas dheemi rakhte hain, ye woh log hain jinke dilon ko Allah ne taqwa ke liye aazma liya hai. Unke liye maghfirat aur bada ajar hai.
Is ayat mein un logon ki tareef ki gayi hai jo Rasoolullah (PBUH) ke samne adab ka muzahera karte hain aur apni awaazein dheemi rakhte hain. Allah Ta'ala farmata hai ke yeh woh log hain jinke dilon ko Allah ne taqwa ke liye aazma liya hai. Yani unke dilon mein Allah ka khauf aur uske Rasool ki azmat is qadar ja-guzin ho chuki hai ke woh adab ke taqazon ko poora karte hain. Unke is amal se unke dilon ki pakeezgi aur taqwa zahir hota hai. Aise logon ke liye Allah ki taraf se maghfirat aur bahut bada ajar hai. Yeh ayat pichli ayat ke bar-aks un logon ki fazilat bayan karti hai jo adab ka khayal rakhte hain, aur batati hai ke adab sirf zahiri amal nahi balkay dil ke taqwa ki alamat hai. Isse yeh bhi maloom hota hai ke Nabi (PBUH) ki azmat ka khayal rakhna imaan ka hissa hai.
Surah 49 : 4
اِنَّ الَّذِیْنَ یُنَادُوْنَكَ مِنْ وَّرَآءِ الْحُجُرٰتِ اَكْثَرُهُمْ لَا یَعْقِلُوْنَ
Beshak jo log aapko hujron ke peeche se pukaarte hain, unmein se aksar aqal nahi rakhte.
Yeh ayat un logon ki mazammat karti hai jo Rasoolullah (PBUH) ko unke hujron (private chambers) ke bahar se oonchi awaaz mein pukaarte the. Allah Ta'ala ne farmaya ke unmein se aksar log aqal nahi rakhte. Iska matlab yeh hai ke yeh amal adab ke khilaf aur na-samjhi ki nishani hai. Nabi (PBUH) ko unke ghar ke bahar se pukaarna, jabke woh aaram farma rahe hon ya kisi masroofiyat mein hon, ek be-adabana harkat thi. Islam adab aur ikhlaq ka deen hai, aur Nabi (PBUH) ke sath har muamle mein behtareen adab ka muzahera karna zaroori hai. Yeh ayat musalmanon ko sikhata hai ke woh apne buzurgon aur qabil-e-ehtiram shakhsiyaton ke sath kis tarah pesh aayein, khaas taur par jab woh apni zaati jagah par hon. Aise be-adabana ravaiye se bachna chahiye.
Surah 49 : 5
وَ لَوْ اَنَّهُمْ صَبَرُوْا حَتّٰى تَخْرُجَ اِلَیْهِمْ لَكَانَ خَیْرًا لَّهُمْ وَ اللّٰهُ غَفُوْرٌ رَّحِیْمٌ
Aur agar woh sabr karte yahan tak ke aap khud unke paas tashreef late, to yeh unke liye behtar hota. Aur Allah bakhshne wala, nihayat meherban hai.
Is ayat mein pichli ayat mein bayan ki gayi be-adabi ka ilaaj aur behtar tareeqa bataya gaya hai. Allah Ta'ala farmata hai ke agar woh log sabr karte yahan tak ke Nabi (PBUH) khud unke paas tashreef late, to yeh unke liye behtar hota. Ismein sabr aur adab ki taleem di gayi hai. Kisi bhi ahem shakhsiyat, khaas taur par Nabi (PBUH) se milne ke liye intizar karna aur unke bahar aane tak sabr karna behtar ikhlaq hai. Isse na sirf adab ka izhar hota hai balkay unki masroofiyat aur aaram ka bhi khayal rakha jata hai. Ayat ke ikhtitam par Allah Ta'ala ne apni sifat 'Ghafoor' (bakhshne wala) aur 'Raheem' (nihayat meherban) bayan ki hain, jo is baat ki taraf ishara karti hain ke agar koi ghalti ho jaye to Allah Ta'ala tauba karne walon ko maaf farma deta hai. Yeh rehmat ka darwaza khula rakhta hai un logon ke liye jo apni ghaltiyon se seekh kar behtar ikhlaq ikhtiyar karte hain.
Surah 49 : 6
یٰۤاَیُّهَا الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْۤا اِنْ جَآءَكُمْ فَاسِقٌۢ بِنَبَاٍ فَتَبَیَّنُوْۤا اَنْ تُصِیْبُوْا قَوْمًۢا بِجَهَالَةٍ فَتُصْبِحُوْا عَلٰى مَا فَعَلْتُمْ نٰدِمِیْنَ
Aye imaan walo! Agar koi badkaar tumhare paas koi khabar laye, to khoob tehqeeq kar lo, aisa na ho ke tum kisi qaum ko na-waqifiyat mein nuqsan pahuncha do, phir apne kiye par sharminda ho.
Yeh ayat musalmanon ko kisi bhi khabar ki tehqeeq karne ka hukm deti hai, khaas taur par jab woh khabar kisi aise shakhs ki taraf se ho jo fasq (badkaari) mein mashhoor ho. Iska maqsad yeh hai ke log na-waqifiyat mein kisi qaum ko nuqsan na pahuncha dein, aur phir apne kiye par sharminda na hona pade. Is ayat ka nuzool Hazrat Walid bin Uqbah (R.A.) ke waqiye ke mutalliq hua tha, jab unhone Banu Mustaliq ke bare mein ghalat fehmi ki wajah se ghalat khabar di thi.
Islam mein khabar ki tasdeeq aur tehqeeq ko bunyadi ahmiyat di gayi hai. Allah Ta'ala chahte hain ke musalman har baat ko baghair tehqeeq ke qabool na karein, taake fitna-o-fasaad se bacha ja sake aur insaf qaim rahe. Ghalat khabar par amal karne se sirf nuqsan hi hota hai, aur baad mein afsos ke siwa kuch haath nahi aata.
Surah 49 : 7
وَ اعْلَمُوْۤا اَنَّ فِیْكُمْ رَسُوْلَ اللّٰهِ لَوْ یُطِیْعُكُمْ فِیْ كَثِیْرٍ مِّنَ الْاَمْرِ لَعَنِتُّمْ وَ لٰكِنَّ اللّٰهَ حَبَّبَ اِلَیْكُمُ الْاِیْمَانَ وَ زَیَّنَهٗ فِیْ قُلُوْبِكُمْ وَ كَرَّهَ اِلَیْكُمُ الْكُفْرَ وَ الْفُسُوْقَ وَ الْعِصْیَانَ اُولٰٓئِكَ هُمُ الرّٰشِدُوْنَ
Aur jaan lo ke tum mein Allah ke Rasool (S.A.W.) maujood hain. Agar woh bahut se mamlaat mein tumhari baat maanein, to tum mushkil mein pad jaoge. Lekin Allah ne tumhare liye imaan ko mehboob bana diya hai aur usay tumhare dilon mein khoobsurat bana diya hai, aur tumhare liye kufr, fisq aur nafarmani ko napasand bana diya hai. Yahi log hidayat yafta hain.
Is ayat mein musalmanon ko yaad dilaya ja raha hai ke unke darmiyan Allah ke Rasool (S.A.W.) maujood hain, jin ki maujoodgi aur rehnumai unke liye rehmat aur hidayat ka zariya hai. Agar Nabi (S.A.W.) har mamle mein logon ki khwahishat ke mutabiq chalte, to unhein mushkilat aur pareshaniyon ka saamna karna padta, kyunke insani raaye mein kamzori aur ghalati ka imkan hota hai.
Lekin Allah Ta'ala ne apne fazal se momino ke dilon mein imaan ki mohabbat paida kar di hai aur usay unke liye khoobsurat bana diya hai. Iske bar-aks, kufr, fisq (nafarmani), aur isyaan (gunah) ko unke liye napasand bana diya hai. Yeh Allah ki taraf se ek azeem nemat hai, jiski wajah se woh log sahih raah par hain aur hidayat yafta hain. Is tarah, Allah ne unhein ghalat fehmiyon aur gumrahi se bachaya hai.
Surah 49 : 8
فَضْلًا مِّنَ اللّٰهِ وَ نِعْمَةً وَ اللّٰهُ عَلِیْمٌ حَكِیْمٌ
Yeh Allah ka fazal aur uski nemat hai. Aur Allah sab kuch janne wala, hikmat wala hai.
Yeh ayat pichli ayat ki wazahat hai, jo is baat par zor deti hai ke imaan ki mohabbat aur kufr se nafrat, jo momino ke dilon mein paida ki gayi hai, woh sirf aur sirf Allah ka fazal aur uski nemat hai. Yeh insaan ki apni zaati koshishon ka nateeja nahi, balkay Allah Ta'ala ki meherbani aur ata hai.
Allah Ta'ala ne apni behtareen hikmat aur ilm ke mutabiq logon ke dilon ko imaan ke liye khola hai. Woh sab kuch janne wala (Aleem) hai, isliye woh janta hai ke kaun hidayat ka mustahiq hai aur kaun nahi. Aur woh hikmat wala (Hakeem) hai, isliye uske har faisle mein gehri hikmat posheeda hoti hai. Is ayat se yeh paigham milta hai ke hidayat aur imaan Allah ki taraf se ek anmol tohfa hai, jis par har musalman ko shukr ada karna chahiye.
Surah 49 : 9
وَ اِنْ طَآئِفَتٰنِ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِیْنَ اقْتَتَلُوْا فَاَصْلِحُوْا بَیْنَهُمَا فَاِنْۢ بَغَتْ اِحْدٰىهُمَا عَلَى الْاُخْرٰى فَقَاتِلُوا الَّتِیْ تَبْغِیْ حَتّٰى تَفِیْٓءَ اِلٰۤى اَمْرِ اللّٰهِ فَاِنْ فَآءَتْ فَاَصْلِحُوْا بَیْنَهُمَا بِالْعَدْلِ وَ اَقْسِطُوْا اِنَّ اللّٰهَ یُحِبُّ الْمُقْسِطِیْنَ
Aur agar momino ki do jamaatein aapas mein lad paden, to unke darmiyan sulah kara do. Phir agar un mein se ek doosri par ziyadti kare, to us jamaat se lado jo ziyadti kar rahi hai, yahan tak ke woh Allah ke hukm ki taraf laut aaye. Phir agar woh laut aaye, to unke darmiyan insaf ke saath sulah kara do aur adal karo. Beshak Allah insaf karne walon ko pasand karta hai.
Yeh ayat musalmanon ke darmiyan hone wale ikhtilafat aur jhagdon ko hal karne ka tareeqa batati hai. Sabse pehla hukm yeh hai ke agar momino ki do jamaatein aapas mein lad paden, to doosre musalmanon par lazim hai ke woh unke darmiyan sulah karayein. Yeh sulah aman aur bhai charagi ko farogh dene ke liye zaroori hai.
Agar sulah ki koshish ke bawajood ek jamaat doosri par ziyadti (baghawat) kare, to phir hukm hai ke us ziyadti karne wali jamaat ke khilaf qital kiya jaye, yahan tak ke woh Allah ke hukm ki taraf laut aaye. Jab woh jamaat haq ki taraf laut aaye, to phir unke darmiyan adal aur insaf ke saath sulah karayi jaye. Allah Ta'ala insaf karne walon ko pasand karte hain, isliye har haal mein adal aur qist (insaf) ko qaim rakhna chahiye, taake haqooq ki pasdari ho aur fitna khatam ho.
Surah 49 : 10
اِنَّمَا الْمُؤْمِنُوْنَ اِخْوَةٌ فَاَصْلِحُوْا بَیْنَ اَخَوَیْكُمْ وَ اتَّقُوا اللّٰهَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُرْحَمُوْنَ
Beshak momin aapas mein bhai bhai hain, pas apne do bhaiyon ke darmiyan sulah kara do, aur Allah se daro taake tum par reham kiya jaye.
Is ayat mein Islam ka ek bunyadi usool bayan kiya gaya hai: tamaam momin aapas mein bhai bhai hain. Yeh ukhuwat sirf nasli ya qoumi nahi, balkay aqeeday aur deen ki bunyad par hai, jo musalmanon ko ek mazboot rishte mein bandhti hai. Is bhai charagi ka taqaza hai ke agar do bhaiyon ke darmiyan koi ikhtilaf ya jhagda ho jaye, to doosre musalman unke darmiyan sulah karayein.
Sulah karana sirf aik ikhtiyari amal nahi, balkay farz hai, taake ummat mein ittehad aur aman qaim rahe. Iske saath hi, Allah se darne (taqwa ikhtiyar karne) ka hukm diya gaya hai, kyunke taqwa hi woh sifat hai jo insaan ko Allah ke ahkamat ki pairwi par ubharti hai aur gunahon se rokti hai. Taqwa ikhtiyar karne se Allah ki rehmat hasil hoti hai. Nabi Akram (S.A.W.) ne farmaya:
"Musalman Musalman ka bhai hai, na us par zulm karta hai aur na usay be-yar-o-madadgar chhodta hai." (Sahih Muslim)
Surah 49 : 11
یٰۤاَیُّهَا الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْا لَا یَسْخَرْ قَوْمٌ مِّنْ قَوْمٍ عَسٰۤى اَنْ یَّكُوْنُوْا خَیْرًا مِّنْهُمْ وَ لَا نِسَآءٌ مِّنْ نِّسَآءٍ عَسٰۤى اَنْ یَّكُنَّ خَیْرًا مِّنْهُنَّ وَ لَا تَلْمِزُوْۤا اَنْفُسَكُمْ وَ لَا تَنَابَزُوْا بِالْاَلْقَابِ بِئْسَ الِاسْمُ الْفُسُوْقُ بَعْدَ الْاِیْمَانِ وَ مَنْ لَّمْ یَتُبْ فَاُولٰٓئِكَ هُمُ الظّٰلِمُوْنَ
Aye imaan walo! Koi qaum doosri qaum ka mazaaq na udaaye, ho sakta hai ke woh unse behtar hon. Aur na aurtein doosri aurton ka mazaaq udaayein, ho sakta hai ke woh unse behtar hon. Aur aapas mein ek doosre ko ta'an na do, aur na bure alqaab se pukaro. Imaan ke baad fisq ka naam lena bohot bura hai. Aur jo tauba na karein, to wahi log zaalim hain.
Is ayat mein Allah Ta'ala ne imaan walon ko chand akhlaqi buraiyon se roka hai. Sabse pehle, kisi qaum ya shakhs ka mazaaq udana mana kiya gaya hai, kyunke ho sakta hai jis ka mazaaq udaya ja raha hai woh Allah ke nazdeek zyada mu'azziz aur behtar ho. Yeh hukm mardon aur aurton dono ke liye hai.
Doosra, ek doosre ko ta'an dena ya aib lagana bhi sakhti se mana hai. Teesra, bure alqaab se pukarna, jaise kisi ko uski buri sifaton se yaad karna, bhi Islam mein na-pasandida amal hai. Imaan lane ke baad fisq (nafarmani) ka naam lena bohot bura hai.
Jo log in gunahon se tauba nahi karte, unhein zaalim qaraar diya gaya hai. Is se in akhlaqi buraiyon ki shiddat ka andaza hota hai aur Musalmanon ko aapas mein izzat aur ehteraam se pesh aane ki talqeen ki gayi hai.
Rasoolullah (SAW) ne farmaya: "Ek Musalman doosre Musalman ka bhai hai, na us par zulm karta hai, na usay zaleel karta hai, aur na usay haqeer jaanta hai. Taqwa yahan hai (aur aapne apne seene ki taraf ishara kiya) kisi shakhs ke liye itna hi bura hai ke woh apne Musalman bhai ko haqeer samjhe." (Sahih Muslim: 2564)
Surah 49 : 12
یٰۤاَیُّهَا الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوا اجْتَنِبُوْا كَثِیْرًا مِّنَ الظَّنِّ اِنَّ بَعْضَ الظَّنِّ اِثْمٌ وَّ لَا تَجَسَّسُوْا وَ لَا یَغْتَبْ بَّعْضُكُمْ بَعْضًا اَیُحِبُّ اَحَدُكُمْ اَنْ یَّاْكُلَ لَحْمَ اَخِیْهِ مَیْتًا فَكَرِهْتُمُوْهُ وَ اتَّقُوا اللّٰهَ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ تَوَّابٌ رَّحِیْمٌ
Aye imaan walo! Bohat se gumanon se bacho, beshak kuch guman gunah hain. Aur jaasoosi na karo, aur na tum mein se koi kisi doosre ki gheebat kare. Kya tum mein se koi pasand karega ke woh apne murda bhai ka gosht khaaye? To tum is se nafrat karte ho. Aur Allah se daro, beshak Allah bohot tauba qabool karne wala, nihayat meherban hai.
Yeh ayat imaan walon ko teen bade akhlaqi gunahon se bachne ki hidayat deti hai. Pehla, badgumani se bachna, kyunke bohot se guman gunah hote hain. Logon ke baare mein bure khayalat rakhne se parhez karna chahiye jab tak koi wazeh daleel na ho.
Doosra, tajassus (jaasoosi) na karna, yaani logon ke chhupe hue aibon aur raazon ki talaash karna bhi sakhti se mana hai, kyunki yeh shakhsi azadi ki khilaf warzi hai.
Teesra, gheebat na karna, yaani kisi ki peeth peeche uski burai karna. Quran ne gheebat ko itni shiddat se mana kiya hai ke isay murda bhai ka gosht khane jaisa qaraar diya hai, jo ke intehai na-pasandida aur ghinauna amal hai. Is misaal se gheebat ki burai ko wazeh kiya gaya hai.
In gunahon se bachne aur Allah se darne ka hukm diya gaya hai, kyunke Allah Ta'ala tauba qabool karne wala aur meherban hai, isliye in gunahon se tauba karni chahiye.
Rasoolullah (SAW) ne farmaya: "Gheebat kya hai, kya tum jante ho?" Sahaba ne arz kiya: "Allah aur uske Rasool behtar jante hain." Aap (SAW) ne farmaya: "Tumhara apne bhai ka zikr karna us cheez ke saath jo us mein hai aur woh usay na-pasand kare." Kaha gaya: "Agar woh cheez us mein ho to?" Aap (SAW) ne farmaya: "Agar woh cheez us mein ho to tumne uski gheebat ki, aur agar woh us mein na ho to tumne us par buhtan lagaya." (Sahih Muslim: 2589)
Surah 49 : 13
یٰۤاَیُّهَا النَّاسُ اِنَّا خَلَقْنٰكُمْ مِّنْ ذَكَرٍ وَّ اُنْثٰى وَ جَعَلْنٰكُمْ شُعُوْبًا وَّ قَبَآئِلَ لِتَعَارَفُوْا اِنَّ اَكْرَمَكُمْ عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ اَتْقٰىكُمْ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ عَلِیْمٌ خَبِیْرٌ
Aye logo! Beshak humne tumhein ek mard aur ek aurat se paida kiya, aur tumhein qaumon aur qabeelon mein taqseem kiya taake tum ek doosre ko pehchan sako. Beshak Allah ke nazdeek tum mein sabse zyada izzat wala woh hai jo tum mein sabse zyada parhezgar hai. Beshak Allah sab kuch janne wala, khabar rakhne wala hai.
Yeh ayat insaniyat ki bunyadi barabari aur Islam ke nazariye mein izzat ke asal mayaar ko wazeh karti hai. Allah Ta'ala ne farmaya ke tamam insaan ek hi asal se paida kiye gaye hain, yaani Adam (A.S.) aur Hawa (A.S.) ki aulad hain. Qaumon aur qabeelon mein taqseem ka maqsad sirf pehchan aur ta'aruf hai, na ke fakhr ya takabbur.
Iska matlab hai ke nasal, rang, ya maali haisiyat ki bunyad par kisi ko kisi par bartari hasil nahi. Islam mein izzat ka asal mayaar taqwa (Allah ka dar aur parhezgari) hai. Jo shakhs Allah se zyada darta hai aur uske ahkamaat par zyada amal karta hai, wahi Allah ke nazdeek zyada mu'azziz hai.
Allah Ta'ala sab kuch janne wala aur har cheez se ba-khabar hai, isliye woh janta hai kaun zyada muttaqi hai. Yeh ayat har qism ke nasli aur qabaili ghamand ko khatam karti hai aur insaniyat ko ek doosre ke sath barabari aur ehteraam se rehne ki talqeen karti hai.
Rasoolullah (SAW) ne Hajjatul Wida ke mauqe par farmaya: "Aye logo! Tumhara Rabb ek hai aur tumhara baap bhi ek hai. Khabardar! Kisi Arabi ko ajami par, aur kisi ajami ko Arabi par, aur kisi surkh ko siyah par, aur kisi siyah ko surkh par koi fazilat nahi magar taqwa ke sabab." (Musnad Ahmad: 23536)
Surah 49 : 14
قَالَتِ الْاَعْرَابُ اٰمَنَّا قُلْ لَّمْ تُؤْمِنُوْا وَ لٰكِنْ قُوْلُوْۤا اَسْلَمْنَا وَ لَمَّا یَدْخُلِ الْاِیْمَانُ فِیْ قُلُوْبِكُمْ وَ اِنْ تُطِیْعُوا اللّٰهَ وَ رَسُوْلَهٗ لَا یَلِتْكُمْ مِّنْ اَعْمَالِكُمْ شَیْئًا اِنَّ اللّٰهَ غَفُوْرٌ رَّحِیْمٌ
Dehati Arabon ne kaha: "Hum imaan laye." Kaho: "Tum imaan nahi laye, balki kaho hum Islam laye hain, aur abhi tak imaan tumhare dilon mein dakhil nahi hua." Aur agar tum Allah aur uske Rasool ki itaat karoge to woh tumhare aamaal mein se kuch bhi kam nahi karega. Beshak Allah bohot bakhshne wala, nihayat meherban hai.
Yeh ayat Islam aur Imaan ke darmiyan farq ko wazeh karti hai, khaas taur par un dehati Arabon ke hawale se jinhone sirf zubani taur par imaan ka dawa kiya tha. Allah Ta'ala ne unke da'we ko rad karte hue farmaya ke unhone sirf Islam qabool kiya hai, yaani zahiri taur par farmabardari ikhtiyar ki hai, jaise kalma padhna, namaz padhna, wagaira.
Lekin Imaan, jo ke dil ki tasdeeq aur yaqeen ka naam hai, abhi tak unke dilon mein dakhil nahi hua tha. Is se pata chalta hai ke Islam zahiri amal aur itaat ka naam hai, jabke Imaan dil ki gehraiyon se tasdeeq aur yaqeen ka naam hai, jo amal ki rooh hai.
Agarche unka imaan mukammal nahi tha, Allah Ta'ala ne unhein itaat ki targheeb di aur farmaya ke agar woh Allah aur uske Rasool ki itaat karenge, to unke aamaal ka ajar kam nahi kiya jayega. Allah Ta'ala bohot bakhshne wala aur meherban hai, jo tauba karne walon aur itaat karne walon ko maaf kar deta hai. Yeh ayat is baat par zor deti hai ke sirf zubani da'wa kafi nahi, balki dil ki gehraiyon se tasdeeq aur uske mutabiq amal bhi zaroori hai.
Hadees Jibreel mein Imaan ki tareef mein farmaya gaya: "Imaan yeh hai ke tum Allah par, uske farishton par, uski kitabon par, uske Rasoolon par, Qayamat ke din par, aur achi buri taqdeer par imaan lao." (Sahih Muslim: 8)
Surah 49 : 15
اِنَّمَا الْمُؤْمِنُوْنَ الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْا بِاللّٰهِ وَ رَسُوْلِهٖ ثُمَّ لَمْ یَرْتَابُوْا وَ جٰهَدُوْا بِاَمْوَالِهِمْ وَ اَنْفُسِهِمْ فِیْ سَبِیْلِ اللّٰهِ اُولٰٓئِكَ هُمُ الصّٰدِقُوْنَ
Beshak sachche momin to wahi hain jo Allah aur uske Rasool par imaan laye, phir shaq mein nahi pade, aur apne maalon aur apni jaanon se Allah ki raah mein jihad kiya. Wahi log sachche hain.
Yeh ayat sachche mominon ki wazeh tareef aur unki sifaat bayan karti hai. Sachche momin woh hain jo Allah aur uske Rasool par imaan laye, aur unke imaan mein koi shak-o-shuba nahi. Unka imaan sirf zubani da'wa nahi hota, balki woh dil ki gehraiyon se tasdeeq karte hain aur us par qaim rehte hain.
Imaan ke baad unki teesri sifah yeh hai ke woh apne maalon aur apni jaanon se Allah ki raah mein jihad karte hain. Jihad ka matlab sirf jang karna nahi, balki Allah ke deen ko buland karne ke liye har qism ki koshish karna, chahe woh maal se ho, ilm se ho, ya apni jaan ki qurbani se ho. Yeh unke imaan ki sachchai aur mazbooti ki daleel hai.
Aise log hi Allah ke nazdeek sachche (sadiqoon) hain, kyunki unka imaan unke aamaal se zahir hota hai. Yeh ayat imaan ki gehrai aur uske taqazon ko ujagar karti hai, ke sirf keh dena kafi nahi, balki us par qaim rehna aur uski raah mein qurbani dena bhi zaroori hai.
Rasoolullah (SAW) se poocha gaya: "Kaun sa amal afzal hai?" Aap (SAW) ne farmaya: "Allah aur uske Rasool par imaan lana." Poocha gaya: "Phir kaun sa?" Aap (SAW) ne farmaya: "Allah ki raah mein jihad karna." (Sahih Bukhari: 26)
Surah 49 : 16
قُلْ اَتُعَلِّمُوْنَ اللّٰهَ بِدِیْنِكُمْ وَ اللّٰهُ یَعْلَمُ مَا فِی السَّمٰوٰتِ وَ مَا فِی الْاَرْضِ وَ اللّٰهُ بِكُلِّ شَیْءٍ عَلِیْمٌ
Keh dijiye, kya tum Allah ko apne deen ki khabar dete ho? Jabke Allah janta hai jo kuch aasmanon mein hai aur jo kuch zameen mein hai. Aur Allah har cheez ka ilm rakhne wala hai.
Is ayat mein Allah Ta'ala un logon ko mukhatib kar raha hai jo apne islam ya deen ko Allah par ehsan samajhte hain ya usse apne deen ki khabar dene ki koshish karte hain. Allah Ta'ala farmata hai ke kya tum Allah ko apne deen ke bare mein batate ho? Jabke Allah har us cheez se waqif hai jo aasmanon aur zameen mein hai. Usse koi cheez chupi hui nahi, chahe woh zahir ho ya posheeda.
Yeh darasal un logon ki ghalat fehmi ki tardeed hai jo yeh samajhte hain ke unke islam qabool karne se Allah Ta'ala ko koi faida pahuncha hai. Haqeeqat yeh hai ke Allah Ta'ala har cheez ka ilm rakhta hai aur usse kisi ki ibadat ya deen ki zaroorat nahi. Imaan lana aur deen par chalna insaan ke apne faide ke liye hai. Allah Ta'ala ka ilm kamil aur jame' hai, usse kisi ki taleem ki zaroorat nahi.
Surah 49 : 17
یَمُنُّوْنَ عَلَیْكَ اَنْ اَسْلَمُوْا قُلْ لَّا تَمُنُّوْا عَلَیَّ اِسْلَامَكُمْ بَلِ اللّٰهُ یَمُنُّ عَلَیْكُمْ اَنْ هَدٰىكُمْ لِلْاِیْمَانِ اِنْ كُنْتُمْ صٰدِقِیْنَ
Woh aap par ehsan jatate hain ke woh musalman ho gaye. Keh dijiye, mujh par apne islam ka ehsan na jatao, balke Allah tum par ehsan karta hai ke usne tumhein imaan ki hidayat di, agar tum sacche ho.
Yeh ayat un logon ke bare mein nazil hui jo apne islam qabool karne par Nabi Akram ﷺ par ehsan jatate the. Allah Ta'ala ne farmaya ke unse keh dijiye ke apne islam ka ehsan mujh par na jatao. Kyunki islam qabool karna ya imaan ki daulat milna koi mamooli baat nahi, balke yeh Allah Ta'ala ki taraf se ek bahut badi nemat aur fazal hai.
Asal mein, Allah Ta'ala tum par ehsan karta hai ke usne tumhein imaan ki hidayat di, agar tum sacche ho. Imaan ki hidayat milna insaan ke ikhtiyar mein nahi, yeh sirf Allah Ta'ala ki taufeeq se hota hai. Isliye, kisi ko apne imaan par fakhr karna ya ehsan jatana nahi chahiye, balke Allah ka shukr ada karna chahiye ke usne is azeem nemat se nawaza. Imaan ki haqeeqi qadar wohi janta hai jise Allah ne hidayat di ho.
Surah 49 : 18
اِنَّ اللّٰهَ یَعْلَمُ غَیْبَ السَّمٰوٰتِ وَ الْاَرْضِ وَ اللّٰهُ بَصِیْرٌۢ بِمَا تَعْمَلُوْنَ
Beshak Allah aasmanon aur zameen ke ghaib ko janta hai. Aur Allah dekhne wala hai jo kuch tum karte ho.
Is ayat mein Allah Ta'ala apne kamil ilm aur nigrani ka zikr farmata hai. Beshak Allah Ta'ala aasmanon aur zameen ke tamam ghaib ko janta hai. Koi cheez usse chupi hui nahi, chahe woh zahir ho ya posheeda, khwah woh dil ke andar ke khayalat hon ya kainat ke poshida raaz. Uska ilm har cheez par haawi hai.
Mazeed farmaya ke Allah Ta'ala dekhne wala hai jo kuch tum karte ho. Iska matlab hai ke Allah Ta'ala sirf ghaib ko hi nahi janta, balke hamare har zahiri amal ko bhi dekhta hai. Hamare har qaul, har fail, har harkat aur har sukoon uski nigrani mein hai. Yeh ayat pichli ayaton ki takmeel karti hai, jahan ehsan jatane walon ko tanbeeh ki gayi thi. Jab Allah har cheez dekh raha hai, to hamare aamal mein ikhlas aur sachai honi chahiye, na ke riyakari ya ehsan jatana.
