Surah Al-Mujadila (Behas karne wali khatoon) ek Madani Surah hai. Iska naam ek aisi khatoon (Hazrat Khawla bint Tha'laba) ke zikr par rakha gaya hai jinhone apne shohar ke 'Zihar' (ek purana tareeqa-e-talaq) ke mutalliq Nabi Kareem {صَلَّى اَللّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ} se behas ki aur Allah se faryad ki thi. Is Surah ki Markazi Theme 'Islami Muashrati Islah' aur 'Munafiqeen ki Sazishein' hai. Ahkam aur naseehatein yeh hain: Allah ne 'Zihar' (biwi ko maa keh dena) jaisi jahiliyat ki rasm ko sakhti se khatam kiya aur is par kaffara muqarrar kiya taake khawateen ke huqooq ki hifazat ho sake. Ismein khufiya mashwaro (secret councils) ke aadab bayan kiye gaye hain; Allah ne farmaya ke jab teen aadmi khufiya baat karte hain to choutha Allah hota hai, is liye Momineen ko gunah aur dushmani ke liye khufiya mashware nahi karne chahiye. Majlis ke aadab sikhaye gaye hain ke jab kisi mehfil mein jagah dene ko kaha jaye to khule dil se jagah diya karo, Allah tumhare liye wus-at paida karega. Surah ke aakhir mein do grohon ka zikr hai: Ek 'Hizbullah' (Allah ki jamaat) jo Allah aur Uske Rasool se sachchi mohabbat karte hain, aur doosra 'Hizbushaitan' (Shaitan ki jamaat) jo munafiqeen aur kuffar hain. Allah ne waada kiya hai ke fatah hamesha Allah ki jamaat ki hi hoti hai.
Surah 58 : 0
بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
Allah ke Naam se, jo bada Meherbaan, Nihayat Reham waala hai.
Yeh mubarak ayat har achhe kaam ki ibtida mein padhi jati hai, taake us kaam mein Allah Ta'ala ki barkat aur madad shamil ho. Is mein Allah ke do azeem sifati naam Ar-Rahman aur Ar-Rahim bayan kiye gaye hain. Ar-Rahman us zaat ko kehte hain jiski rehmat tamam makhlooq ke liye aam hai, chahe woh momin ho ya kafir. Jabke Ar-Rahim us zaat ko kehte hain jiski rehmat khaas taur par sirf momineen ke liye hai, khaas kar Aakhirat mein. Is tarah, Bismillah kehne se hum Allah ki wasee rehmat aur uski khaas shafqat dono ka iqrar karte hain, aur uski panah aur madad talab karte hain.
Surah 58 : 1
قَدْ سَمِعَ اللّٰهُ قَوْلَ الَّتِیْ تُجَادِلُكَ فِیْ زَوْجِهَا وَ تَشْتَكِیْۤ اِلَى اللّٰهِ وَ اللّٰهُ یَسْمَعُ تَحَاوُرَكُمَا اِنَّ اللّٰهَ سَمِیْعٌۢ بَصِیْرٌ
Allah ne us aurat ki baat sun li jo apne shohar ke baare mein tumse jhagad rahi thi aur Allah se faryad kar rahi thi. Aur Allah tum dono ki guftagu sun raha tha. Beshak Allah khoob sunne wala, khoob dekhne wala hai.
Yeh Ayat us waqiye ki taraf ishara karti hai jab Khawla bint Tha'labah (R.A.) ne Rasoolullah (PBUH) se apne shohar Aws bin Samit ke Zihar ke mutalliq shikayat ki thi. Zihar jahiliyat mein talaq ki ek qism samjha jata tha, jismein shohar apni biwi ko apni maa ya kisi aur mahram aurat se tashbeeh deta tha.
Allah Ta'ala ne is Ayat mein wazeh farmaya ke usne us aurat ki baat sun li jo apne shohar ke baare mein jhagad rahi thi aur Allah se faryad kar rahi thi. Isse Allah ki Sami' (khoob sunne wala) aur Basir (khoob dekhne wala) hone ki sifat ka izhar hota hai. Allah har faryad sunta hai, chahe woh kitni hi khamoshi se ki gayi ho, aur har cheez ko dekhta hai. Is waqiye mein Allah ne ek aurat ki faryad par ek naya qanoon nazil farmaya, jo Zihar ke masle ko hal karta hai.
Surah 58 : 2
اَلَّذِیْنَ یُظٰهِرُوْنَ مِنْكُمْ مِّنْ نِّسَآئِهِمْ مَّا هُنَّ اُمَّهٰتِهِمْ اِنْ اُمَّهٰتُهُمْ اِلَّا الّٰٓئِیْ وَلَدْنَهُمْ وَ اِنَّهُمْ لَیَقُوْلُوْنَ مُنْكَرًا مِّنَ الْقَوْلِ وَ زُوْرًا وَ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ لَعَفُوٌّ غَفُوْرٌ
Tum mein se jo log apni biwiyon se zihar karte hain (yani unhe apni maa kehte hain), woh unki maayein nahi hain. Unki maayein to sirf woh hain jinhone unhe janam diya hai. Beshak woh ek buri aur jhooti baat kehte hain. Aur beshak Allah maaf karne wala, bakhshne wala hai.
Is Ayat mein Allah Ta'ala ne Zihar ki haqeeqat ko wazeh farmaya hai. Zihar yeh hai ke koi shakhs apni biwi ko apni maa ya kisi aisi aurat se tashbeeh de jis se uska nikah hamesha ke liye haram ho. Allah ne farmaya ke tumhari biwiyaan tumhari maayein nahi ho sakteen. Tumhari maayein sirf woh hain jinhone tumhe janam diya hai.
Is tarah ki baat kehna Allah ke nazdeek 'munkar' (buri baat) aur 'zoor' (jhoot) hai. Yeh ek aisi baat hai jo haqeeqat ke khilaf hai aur rishton ki hurmat ko paamal karti hai. Iske bawajood, Allah Ta'ala ne apni sifat 'Afuww' (maaf karne wala) aur 'Ghafoor' (bakhshne wala) ka zikr farmaya, jo is baat ki taraf ishara hai ke agar koi shakhs nadani mein aisi baat keh de to uske liye tauba aur kaffarah ka darwaza khula hai. Isse Islam mein rishton ki paaki aur hurmat ki ahmiyat wazeh hoti hai.
Surah 58 : 3
وَ الَّذِیْنَ یُظٰهِرُوْنَ مِنْ نِّسَآئِهِمْ ثُمَّ یَعُوْدُوْنَ لِمَا قَالُوْا فَتَحْرِیْرُ رَقَبَةٍ مِّنْ قَبْلِ اَنْ یَّتَمَآسَّا ذٰلِكُمْ تُوْعَظُوْنَ بِهٖ وَ اللّٰهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُوْنَ خَبِیْرٌ
Aur jo log apni biwiyon se zihar karein, phir apni kahi hui baat se palatna chahein, to unhe ek ghulam aazad karna hoga isse pehle ke woh ek doosre ko haath lagaayein (qurbat karein). Tumhe isi baat ki naseehat ki ja rahi hai. Aur Allah tumhare amaal se khoob waqif hai.
Is Ayat mein Zihar ke kaffarah (atonement) ka pehla hukm bayan kiya gaya hai. Agar koi shakhs apni biwi se Zihar kar le aur phir apni kahi hui baat se ruju' karna chahe, yani apni biwi se dobara azdawaji talluqat qaim karna chahe, to us par lazim hai ke woh isse pehle ek ghulam aazad kare. Yeh kaffarah is baat ki alamat hai ke Zihar ek bada gunah hai aur uski talafi ke liye ek ahem qurbani darkar hai.
Shart yeh hai ke ghulam aazad karna biwi se qurbat karne se pehle ho. Isse Zihar ki sangini aur uske kaffarah ki fori adaigi ki ahmiyat wazeh hoti hai. Allah Ta'ala ne farmaya ke tumhe isi baat ki naseehat ki ja rahi hai, taake tum is hukm ki ahmiyat ko samjho aur us par amal karo. Allah tumhare har amal se ba-khabar hai aur uski jaza ya saza dene wala hai.
Surah 58 : 4
فَمَنْ لَّمْ یَجِدْ فَصِیَامُ شَهْرَیْنِ مُتَتَابِعَیْنِ مِنْ قَبْلِ اَنْ یَّتَمَآسَّا فَمَنْ لَّمْ یَسْتَطِعْ فَاِطْعَامُ سِتِّیْنَ مِسْكِیْنًا ذٰلِكَ لِتُؤْمِنُوْا بِاللّٰهِ وَ رَسُوْلِهٖ وَ تِلْكَ حُدُوْدُ اللّٰهِ وَ لِلْكٰفِرِیْنَ عَذَابٌ اَلِیْمٌ
Phir jo ghulam na paaye, to usse do mahine musalsal roze rakhne honge isse pehle ke woh ek doosre ko haath lagaayein. Aur jo iski bhi taaqat na rakhe, to usse saatth miskeeno ko khana khilana hoga. Yeh isliye hai taake tum Allah aur uske Rasool par imaan rakho. Aur yeh Allah ki hudood (hadein) hain. Aur kafiron ke liye dardnak azaab hai.
Is Ayat mein Zihar ke kaffarah ke mutabadil tareeqe bayan kiye gaye hain agar ghulam aazad karna mumkin na ho. Pehla mutabadil yeh hai ke woh shakhs do mahine musalsal roze rakhe, aur yeh bhi biwi se qurbat karne se pehle ho. Agar koi shakhs roze rakhne ki bhi taaqat na rakhe, maslan beemari ya kamzori ki wajah se, to teesra mutabadil yeh hai ke woh saatth miskeeno ko khana khilaye.
Yeh ahkamat isliye diye gaye hain taake log Allah aur uske Rasool par mukammal imaan rakhein aur unke ahkamat ki pairwi karein. Allah Ta'ala ne wazeh farmaya ke yeh uski taraf se muqarrar karda hudood (hadein) hain, jinhe paar karna jaiz nahi. Jo log in hudood ko todte hain ya inkar karte hain, un kafiron ke liye dardnak azaab hai. Isse in ahkamat ki ahmiyat aur unki mukhalifat ke anjam ki shiddat wazeh hoti hai.
Surah 58 : 5
اِنَّ الَّذِیْنَ یُحَآدُّوْنَ اللّٰهَ وَ رَسُوْلَهٗ كُبِتُوْا كَمَا كُبِتَ الَّذِیْنَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ وَ قَدْ اَنْزَلْنَاۤ اٰیٰتٍۭ بَیِّنٰتٍ وَ لِلْكٰفِرِیْنَ عَذَابٌ مُّهِیْنٌ
Beshak jo log Allah aur uske Rasool ki mukhalifat karte hain, unhe zaleel kiya gaya jaisa ke un logon ko zaleel kiya gaya jo unse pehle the. Aur humne waazeh nishaniyan utari hain. Aur kafiron ke liye ruswa karne wala azaab hai.
Yeh Ayat un logon ke liye ek sakht tanbeeh hai jo Allah aur uske Rasool (PBUH) ki mukhalifat karte hain, unke ahkamat ko nahi mante aur unki hudood ko todte hain. Allah Ta'ala ne farmaya ke aise logon ko zaleel aur ruswa kiya gaya, bilkul usi tarah jaise unse pehle ki ummaton ko zaleel kiya gaya tha jab unhone Allah ke paighambaron ki nafarmani ki thi.
Allah ne waazeh nishaniyan (Ayat-e-Bayyinat) nazil ki hain, jin mein haq aur batil ke darmiyan farq wazeh kar diya gaya hai. Iske bawajood jo log kufr aur mukhalifat par qaim rehte hain, unke liye aakhirat mein ruswa karne wala azaab tayyar hai. Yeh Ayat is baat par zor deti hai ke Allah ke ahkamat ki mukhalifat duniya aur aakhirat dono mein zillat aur azaab ka baais banti hai.
Surah 58 : 6
یَوْمَ یَبْعَثُهُمُ اللّٰهُ جَمِیْعًا فَیُنَبِّئُهُمْ بِمَا عَمِلُوْا اَحْصٰهُ اللّٰهُ وَ نَسُوْهُ وَ اللّٰهُ عَلٰى كُلِّ شَیْءٍ شَهِیْدٌ
Jis din Allah un sab ko dobara uthayega, phir unko unke aamal ki khabar dega. Allah ne unko gher liya hai aur woh unko bhool chuke hain, aur Allah har cheez par gawah hai.
Yeh ayat qayamat ke din ki tasveer kheenchte hue batati hai ke Allah Ta'ala sab insano ko dobara zinda karega. Us din har shakhs ko uske aamal ki tafseel batai jayegi, chahe woh kitne hi chote ya bade hon. Insan shayad apne kiye hue aamal ko bhool jaye, lekin Allah Ta'ala ke paas har cheez ka mukammal record hai.
Allah Ta'ala ka irshad hai ke usne har cheez ka ihata kar rakha hai aur woh har cheez par gawah hai. Iska matlab hai ke koi amal, koi baat, ya koi irada Allah ki nigah se posheeda nahi reh sakta. Yeh ayat imaan walon ko apni zindagi mein Allah ki nigrani ka ehsaas dilati hai aur unhein neki karne aur burai se bachne ki targheeb deti hai.
Surah 58 : 7
اَلَمْ تَرَ اَنَّ اللّٰهَ یَعْلَمُ مَا فِی السَّمٰوٰتِ وَ مَا فِی الْاَرْضِ مَا یَكُوْنُ مِنْ نَّجْوٰى ثَلٰثَةٍ اِلَّا هُوَ رَابِعُهُمْ وَ لَا خَمْسَةٍ اِلَّا هُوَ سَادِسُهُمْ وَ لَاۤ اَدْنٰى مِنْ ذٰلِكَ وَ لَاۤ اَكْثَرَ اِلَّا هُوَ مَعَهُمْ اَیْنَ مَا كَانُوْا ثُمَّ یُنَبِّئُهُمْ بِمَا عَمِلُوْا یَوْمَ الْقِیٰمَةِ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ بِكُلِّ شَیْءٍ عَلِیْمٌ
Kya tumne nahi dekha ke Allah janta hai jo kuch aasmanon mein hai aur jo kuch zameen mein hai? Teen aadmiyon ki koi sargoshi nahi hoti magar woh unka chautha hota hai, aur na paanch ki magar woh unka chhatta hota hai, aur na isse kam ki aur na isse zyada ki magar woh unke saath hota hai jahan kahin bhi woh hon. Phir woh unko qayamat ke din unke kiye hue aamal ki khabar dega. Beshak Allah har cheez ka khoob ilm rakhne wala hai.
Yeh ayat Allah Ta'ala ke mukammal ilm aur uski har jagah maujoodgi ko wazeh karti hai. Allah Ta'ala aasmanon aur zameen ki har cheez se waqif hai. Koi bhi sargoshi, chahe woh kitne hi kam logon ke darmiyan ho, Allah se posheeda nahi reh sakti. Agar teen log sargoshi karte hain to Allah unka chautha hota hai, paanch hon to chhatta, aur isi tarah kam ya zyada logon ki har sargoshi mein Allah unke saath hota hai.
Iska matlab yeh nahi ke Allah jism ke saath maujood hai, balki iska matlab hai ke uska ilm aur qudrat har jagah haawi hai. Woh har baat sunta aur har cheez dekhta hai. Qayamat ke din, Allah Ta'ala un sab logon ko unke aamal ki khabar dega jo unhone chup kar kiye the. Yeh ayat imaan walon ko is baat ka ehsaas dilati hai ke woh hamesha Allah ki nigrani mein hain, isliye unhein har baat aur amal mein Allah ka khauf rakhna chahiye.
Surah 58 : 8
اَلَمْ تَرَ اِلَى الَّذِیْنَ نُهُوْا عَنِ النَّجْوٰى ثُمَّ یَعُوْدُوْنَ لِمَا نُهُوْا عَنْهُ وَ یَتَنٰجَوْنَ بِالْاِثْمِ وَ الْعُدْوَانِ وَ مَعْصِیَتِ الرَّسُوْلِ وَ اِذَا جَآءُوْكَ حَیَّوْكَ بِمَا لَمْ یُحَیِّكَ بِهِ اللّٰهُ وَ یَقُوْلُوْنَ فِیْۤ اَنْفُسِهِمْ لَوْ لَا یُعَذِّبُنَا اللّٰهُ بِمَا نَقُوْلُ حَسْبُهُمْ جَهَنَّمُ یَصْلَوْنَهَا فَبِئْسَ الْمَصِیْرُ
Kya tumne un logon ko nahi dekha jinhein sargoshi se mana kiya gaya tha, phir woh wahi kaam karte hain jis se unhein roka gaya tha, aur woh gunah, sar-kashi aur Rasool ki nafarmani ki sargoshi karte hain? Aur jab woh tumhare paas aate hain to tumhein aise alfaaz se salam karte hain jinse Allah ne tumhein salam nahi kiya, aur apne dil mein kehte hain ke Allah humein hamari kahi hui baat par azaab kyun nahi deta? Unke liye Jahannum hi kaafi hai, woh ussi mein dakhil honge, so woh kitna bura thikana hai!
Yeh ayat un logon ki nishandahi karti hai jinhein buri sargoshiyon se roka gaya tha, lekin woh phir bhi gunah, sar-kashi, aur Rasool (SAW) ki nafarmani par mabni sargoshiyan karte hain. Yeh munafiqeen ka rawaiya tha jo zahir mein imaan ka daawa karte the lekin andar se Islam ke mukhalif the.
Woh Nabi Akram (SAW) ko salam karte waqt bhi bad-niyati ka muzahira karte the, maslan 'As-Samu Alaikum' (tum par maut ho) kehte the, jabke Allah ne 'As-Salamu Alaikum' (tum par salamati ho) sikhaya hai. Woh apne dil mein sochte the ke agar hum galat hain to Allah humein azaab kyun nahi deta? Allah Ta'ala ne unke is guman ko rad karte hue farmaya ke Jahannum hi unke liye kaafi hai, woh ussi mein dakhil honge, aur woh kitna bura thikana hai. Yeh unke kufr aur nafarmani ka seedha nateeja hai.
Surah 58 : 9
یٰۤاَیُّهَا الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْۤا اِذَا تَنَاجَیْتُمْ فَلَا تَتَنَاجَوْا بِالْاِثْمِ وَ الْعُدْوَانِ وَ مَعْصِیَتِ الرَّسُوْلِ وَ تَنَاجَوْا بِالْبِرِّ وَ التَّقْوٰى وَ اتَّقُوا اللّٰهَ الَّذِیْۤ اِلَیْهِ تُحْشَرُوْنَ
Aye imaan walo! Jab tum sargoshi karo to gunah, sar-kashi aur Rasool ki nafarmani ki sargoshi na karo, balki neki aur parhezgari ki sargoshi karo, aur Allah se daro jiski taraf tum jama kiye jaoge.
Is ayat mein Allah Ta'ala imaan walon ko sargoshi ke aadab sikhata hai. Pichli ayat mein munafiqeen ki buri sargoshiyon ka zikr tha, ab imaan walon ko hidayat di ja rahi hai ke woh gunah, sar-kashi, aur Rasool (SAW) ki nafarmani par mabni sargoshiyon se parhez karein. Aisi sargoshiyan jo kisi ko nuqsan pahunchayein, ya kisi ke khilaf sazish ho, ya Allah aur uske Rasool ki taleemat ke khilaf hon, woh hargiz jaiz nahi hain.
Iske bajaye, imaan walon ko hukm diya gaya hai ke woh neki aur parhezgari ki sargoshiyan karein. Yani aisi baatein jo logon ke liye bhalai ka sabab banen, ya Allah ke khauf aur taqwa ko badhayen. Akhir mein, Allah Ta'ala ne imaan walon ko yaad dilaya ke woh us Allah se darte rahein jiski taraf unhein qayamat ke din jama kiya jayega. Yeh is baat ki taraf ishara hai ke har sargoshi ka hisab hoga.
Surah 58 : 10
اِنَّمَا النَّجْوٰى مِنَ الشَّیْطٰنِ لِیَحْزُنَ الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْا وَ لَیْسَ بِضَآرِّهِمْ شَیْئًا اِلَّا بِاِذْنِ اللّٰهِ وَ عَلَى اللّٰهِ فَلْیَتَوَكَّلِ الْمُؤْمِنُوْنَ
Beshak sargoshi shaitan ki taraf se hoti hai taake woh imaan walon ko ghamgeen kare, halanke woh unhein Allah ke hukm ke baghair koi nuqsan nahi pahuncha sakta. Aur Allah hi par imaan walon ko bharosa karna chahiye.
Yeh ayat wazeh karti hai ke buri aur gunah wali sargoshiyan shaitan ki taraf se hoti hain. Shaitan ka maqsad yeh hota hai ke woh imaan walon ko ghamgeen kare, unke dilon mein waswase dale, aur unhein pareshan kare. Jab log buri sargoshiyan karte hain, to imaan walon ko yeh guman hota hai ke shayad unke khilaf koi sazish ho rahi hai, jis se woh ghamgeen ho jate hain.
Lekin Allah Ta'ala ne imaan walon ko tasalli di hai ke shaitan unhein Allah ke hukm ke baghair koi nuqsan nahi pahuncha sakta. Har cheez Allah ki marzi aur uske izn se hoti hai. Isliye, imaan walon ko chahiye ke woh sirf aur sirf Allah hi par bharosa karein. Jab imaan wala Allah par mukammal tawakkul karta hai, to shaitan ki har sazish aur har waswasa be-asar ho jata hai, aur woh har gham aur pareshani se mehfooz rehta hai.
Surah 58 : 11
یٰۤاَیُّهَا الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْۤا اِذَا قِیْلَ لَكُمْ تَفَسَّحُوْا فِی الْمَجٰلِسِ فَافْسَحُوْا یَفْسَحِ اللّٰهُ لَكُمْ وَ اِذَا قِیْلَ انْشُزُوْا فَانْشُزُوْا یَرْفَعِ اللّٰهُ الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْا مِنْكُمْ وَ الَّذِیْنَ اُوْتُوا الْعِلْمَ دَرَجٰتٍ وَ اللّٰهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُوْنَ خَبِیْرٌ
Aye imaan walo! Jab tumse kaha jaye ke majlison mein jagah khuli karo, to jagah khuli kar do, Allah tumhare liye jagah khuli kar dega. Aur jab kaha jaye ke uth khade ho jao, to uth khade ho jao. Allah tum mein se un logon ke darjaat buland karega jo imaan laye aur jinhein ilm diya gaya, aur Allah tumhare amaal se ba-khabar hai.
Is Ayat mein Allah Ta'ala ne musalmanon ko majlison mein baithne ke aadab sikhaye hain. Jab majlis mein jagah tang ho aur naye aane walon ke liye jagah khuli karne ko kaha jaye, to musalmanon ko chahiye ke woh jagah khuli kar dein. Is amal se Allah Ta'ala unke liye dunya aur akhirat mein kushadgi paida karega. Yeh ek aam hukm hai jo har us majlis par lagu hota hai jahan musalman jama hon, chahe woh ilm ki majlis ho ya koi aur.
Isi tarah, jab kisi zaroorat ke pesh-e-nazar majlis se uth khade hone ka hukm diya jaye, to fauran itaat karte hue uth jana chahiye. Ismein kisi qism ki hichkichahat nahi honi chahiye. Allah Ta'ala ne is Ayat mein wazeh farmaya hai ke jo log imaan laye aur jinhein ilm ki daulat se nawaza gaya, Allah unke darjaat buland karega. Ilm aur imaan dono hi insaan ki qadar-o-manzilat ko Allah ke nazdeek badhate hain. Allah Ta'ala har us amal se ba-khabar hai jo tum karte ho.
Surah 58 : 12
یٰۤاَیُّهَا الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْۤا اِذَا نَاجَیْتُمُ الرَّسُوْلَ فَقَدِّمُوْا بَیْنَ یَدَیْ نَجْوٰىكُمْ صَدَقَةً ذٰلِكَ خَیْرٌ لَّكُمْ وَ اَطْهَرُ فَاِنْ لَّمْ تَجِدُوْا فَاِنَّ اللّٰهَ غَفُوْرٌ رَّحِیْمٌ
Aye imaan walo! Jab tum Rasool (ﷺ) se sargoshi karo, to apni sargoshi se pehle kuch sadqa do. Yeh tumhare liye behtar aur zyada pakeezah hai. Phir agar tumhein (sadqa dene ke liye kuch) na mile, to beshak Allah bakhshne wala, nihayat meherban hai.
Is Ayat mein Allah Ta'ala ne imaan walon ko ek khaas hukm diya tha ke jab woh Rasool Allah (ﷺ) se tanhai mein baat karna chahen, yaani sargoshi karein, to usse pehle kuch sadqa dein. Is hukm ka maqsad yeh tha ke log bila zaroorat Rasool Allah (ﷺ) ko takleef na dein aur sirf ahem masail ke liye hi unse rujoo karein. Sadqa dene ka yeh amal unke liye behtar aur unke gunahon ko paak karne wala tha.
Yeh hukm is liye bhi tha taake munafiqeen aur kamzor imaan wale log jo sirf apni dunyaawi garzon ke liye Huzoor (ﷺ) se milna chahte the, woh ruk jayen. Is tarah sirf woh log hi sargoshi karte jo waqai kisi deeni ya ahem masle ke hal ke liye Huzoor (ﷺ) ki khidmat mein hazir hote. Ayat ke aakhir mein yeh bhi wazeh kar diya gaya ke agar kisi ke paas sadqa dene ke liye kuch na ho, to Allah Ta'ala bakhshne wala aur nihayat meherban hai, yaani us par koi pakad nahi hogi.
Surah 58 : 13
ءَاَشْفَقْتُمْ اَنْ تُقَدِّمُوْا بَیْنَ یَدَیْ نَجْوٰىكُمْ صَدَقٰتٍ فَاِذْ لَمْ تَفْعَلُوْا وَ تَابَ اللّٰهُ عَلَیْكُمْ فَاَقِیْمُوا الصَّلٰوةَ وَ اٰتُوا الزَّكٰوةَ وَ اَطِیْعُوا اللّٰهَ وَ رَسُوْلَهٗ وَ اللّٰهُ خَبِیْرٌۢ بِمَا تَعْمَلُوْنَ
Kya tum sadqaat dene se darr gaye apni sargoshi se pehle? Jab tumne aisa nahi kiya aur Allah ne tumhari tauba qubool kar li, to namaz qaim karo aur zakat do aur Allah aur uske Rasool (ﷺ) ki itaat karo. Aur Allah tumhare amaal se khoob waqif hai.
Yeh Ayat pichli Ayat ke hukm ki mansookhi (abrogation) ka elaan karti hai. Allah Ta'ala ne logon se sawal kiya ke kya tum Rasool (ﷺ) se sargoshi se pehle sadqa dene se ghabra gaye? Jab logon ne is hukm par amal nahi kiya ya unhein mushkil mehsoos hui, to Allah Ta'ala ne unki tauba qubool ki aur sadqa dene ki shart ko khatam kar diya.
Is hukm ke mansookh hone ke baad, Allah Ta'ala ne musalmanon ko unke bunyadi faraiz ki taraf mutawajjah kiya. Farmaya ke ab tum namaz qaim karo, zakat ada karo, aur Allah aur uske Rasool (ﷺ) ki mukammal itaat karo. Yeh teenon arkaan-e-Islam mein se hain aur har musalman par farz hain. Is tarah, ek khaas aur waqti hukm ko mansookh karke, Allah Ta'ala ne ummat ko un ibadaat ki taraf tawajjuh dilayi jo hamesha ke liye farz hain. Allah Ta'ala tumhare har amal se khoob waqif hai aur uski jaza ya saza dene wala hai.
Surah 58 : 14
اَلَمْ تَرَ اِلَى الَّذِیْنَ تَوَلَّوْا قَوْمًا غَضِبَ اللّٰهُ عَلَیْهِمْ مَا هُمْ مِّنْكُمْ وَ لَا مِنْهُمْ وَ یَحْلِفُوْنَ عَلَى الْكَذِبِ وَ هُمْ یَعْلَمُوْنَ
Kya tumne un logon ko nahi dekha jinhone aisi qaum se dosti ki jin par Allah ka ghazab hua? Woh na tum mein se hain aur na un mein se, aur woh jhoot par qasmein khate hain jabke woh jante hain.
Is Ayat mein Allah Ta'ala un munafiqeen ki taraf ishara kar raha hai jinhone Yahoodiyon (jin par Allah ka ghazab hua) se dosti kar li thi. Yeh munafiqeen zahiri taur par musalmanon mein shamil the, lekin andar se woh Islam ke dushman the aur Yahoodiyon ke hamdard the. Allah Ta'ala farmata hai ke yeh log na tum (musalmanon) mein se hain aur na un (Yahoodiyon) mein se, yaani woh kisi ke bhi wafadar nahi hain.
Unki ek aur buri sifat yeh bayan ki gayi hai ke woh jhoot par qasmein khate hain aur woh jante hain ke woh jhoot bol rahe hain. Woh musalmanon ke samne Islam ka izhar karte the aur apni dosti ka yaqeen dilane ke liye jhooti qasmein khate the, jabke unke dilon mein kufr aur dushmani chupi hui thi. Yeh unki munafiqat ki nishani thi ke woh apni asal pehchan chupa kar dhoka dete the. Aise logon ka anjaam dunya aur akhirat dono mein bura hota hai.
Surah 58 : 15
اَعَدَّ اللّٰهُ لَهُمْ عَذَابًا شَدِیْدًا اِنَّهُمْ سَآءَ مَا كَانُوْا یَعْمَلُوْنَ
Allah ne unke liye sakht azaab tayyar kar rakha hai. Beshak jo kuch woh karte the, woh bahut bura tha.
Yeh Ayat pichli Ayat mein bayan kiye gaye munafiqeen ke bure amaal ka anjaam bayan karti hai. Allah Ta'ala ne wazeh taur par farmaya hai ke un logon ke liye Allah ne sakht azaab tayyar kar rakha hai. Yeh azaab unki munafiqat, dhoka-dehi, jhooti qasmon aur Allah ke dushmanon se dosti karne ke sabab hoga.
Is Ayat mein unke amaal ko 'bahut bura' qarar diya gaya hai. Unka sab se bada jurm yeh tha ke woh imaan ka libada odh kar Islam aur musalmanon ko nuqsan pahunchane ki koshish karte the. Unki dosti na musalmanon ke liye thi aur na hi woh Yahoodiyon ke sacche dost the, balki woh sirf apne zaati mafadaat ke liye har taraf rang badalte the. Aise logon ka anjaam dunya mein zillat aur akhirat mein jahannam ka sakht azaab hai, jaisa ke Quran-e-Kareem mein kayi maqamaat par munafiqeen ke anjaam ka zikr hai.
Surah 58 : 16
اِتَّخَذُوْۤا اَیْمَانَهُمْ جُنَّةً فَصَدُّوْا عَنْ سَبِیْلِ اللّٰهِ فَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ مُّهِیْنٌ
Inhone apni qasmon ko dhaal bana liya hai, pas Allah ki raah se rokte hain, to unke liye zaleel karne wala azaab hai.
Is ayat mein munafiqeen ki ek aur khasusiyat bayan ki gayi hai. Woh apni jhooti qasmon ko dhaal banate hain taake log unhe musalman samjhein aur woh apne kufr ko chhupa sakein. In qasmon ke zariye woh logon ko Allah ke deen se rokte hain, ya to khud amal na karke ya doosron ko gumrah karke. Unka maqsad sirf apni duniyaawi faide hasil karna aur Islam ko nuqsan pahunchana hota hai.
Allah Ta'ala ne farmaya hai ke aise logon ke liye zaleel karne wala azaab hai. Yeh azaab unki bad-amaliyon aur dhoke-baazi ki saza hoga. Unki qasmein jo duniya mein unke liye hifazat ka sabab banti theen, akhirat mein unhe kisi kaam na aayengi aur woh sakht zillat ka samna karenge.
Surah 58 : 17
لَنْ تُغْنِیَ عَنْهُمْ اَمْوَالُهُمْ وَ لَاۤ اَوْلَادُهُمْ مِّنَ اللّٰهِ شَیْئًا اُولٰٓئِكَ اَصْحٰبُ النَّارِ هُمْ فِیْهَا خٰلِدُوْنَ
Hargiz unke maal aur na unki aulad Allah ke muqable mein unke kuch kaam aayenge. Yehi log dozakh wale hain, woh usmein hamesha rahenge.
Yeh ayat munafiqeen ko khabardar karti hai ke unki dunyaawi daulat aur aulad, jin par woh fakhr karte hain aur jin ki wajah se woh Allah ke ahkamat se ghafil rehte hain, qiyamat ke din Allah ke azaab se bachane mein hargiz kaam nahi aayengi. Allah ke samne sirf imaan aur saleh aamal hi qabil-e-qabool honge.
Is ayat mein wazeh kiya gaya hai ke aise log jo Allah aur uske Rasool ki mukhalifat karte hain aur dhoke-baazi mein mubtala rehte hain, wohi dozakh wale hain. Unka thikana jahannum hai aur woh usmein hamesha hamesha ke liye rahenge. Yeh unke kufr aur nifaq ki sakht tareen saza hai, jahan se unhe kabhi chhutkara nahi milega.
Surah 58 : 18
یَوْمَ یَبْعَثُهُمُ اللّٰهُ جَمِیْعًا فَیَحْلِفُوْنَ لَهٗ كَمَا یَحْلِفُوْنَ لَكُمْ وَ یَحْسَبُوْنَ اَنَّهُمْ عَلٰى شَیْءٍ اَلَاۤ اِنَّهُمْ هُمُ الْكٰذِبُوْنَ
Jis din Allah un sab ko dobara uthayega, to woh Allah ke samne bhi isi tarah qasmein khayenge jaise tumhare samne khate hain, aur guman karenge ke woh kisi cheez par hain. Khabardar! Beshak wohi jhoote hain.
Is ayat mein qiyamat ke din ka manzar bayan kiya gaya hai jab Allah Ta'ala sab logon ko dobara uthayega. Munafiqeen apni purani aadat ke mutabiq, Allah ke samne bhi jhooti qasmein khayenge, bilkul usi tarah jaise woh duniya mein musalmanon ke samne khate the. Woh samjhenge ke unki yeh qasmein wahan bhi kaam aayengi aur woh kisi achhi cheez par hain, yaani unhe bakhsh diya jayega.
Lekin Allah Ta'ala unke is guman ko rad karte hue farmata hai: "Khabardar! Beshak wohi jhoote hain." Qiyamat ke din unki jhooti qasmein aur dhoke-baazi be-naqaab ho jayegi. Wahan unke aaza (jism ke hisse) unke khilaf gawahi denge aur unka nifaq zahir ho jayega. Unki yeh koshish sirf unki zillat mein izafa karegi.
Surah 58 : 19
اِسْتَحْوَذَ عَلَیْهِمُ الشَّیْطٰنُ فَاَنْسٰىهُمْ ذِكْرَ اللّٰهِ اُولٰٓئِكَ حِزْبُ الشَّیْطٰنِ اَلَاۤ اِنَّ حِزْبَ الشَّیْطٰنِ هُمُ الْخٰسِرُوْنَ
Shaitan ne un par ghalba pa liya hai, pas unhe Allah ki yaad bhula di hai. Yehi log shaitan ka giroh hain. Khabardar! Beshak shaitan ka giroh hi ghaata uthane wale hain.
Is ayat mein munafiqeen ki halat bayan ki gayi hai ke shaitan ne un par mukammal ghalba pa liya hai. Shaitan ne unke dilon par qabza kar liya hai aur unhe Allah ki yaad se ghafil kar diya hai. Jab insaan Allah ko bhool jata hai, to woh har burai ki taraf mayel ho jata hai aur shaitan ke waswason ka shikar ho jata hai. Munafiqeen ka Allah ko bhool jana hi unke nifaq ki bunyadi wajah hai.
Aise log jo shaitan ke behkawe mein aa kar Allah ko bhool jate hain, wohi shaitan ka giroh hain. Allah Ta'ala wazeh taur par elaan karta hai ke "Khabardar! Beshak shaitan ka giroh hi ghaata uthane wale hain." Duniya aur akhirat dono mein unhe sirf nuqsan aur barbadi hi milegi. Unka anjaam jahannum hai, jahan woh hamesha ke liye zaleel honge.
Surah 58 : 20
اِنَّ الَّذِیْنَ یُحَآدُّوْنَ اللّٰهَ وَ رَسُوْلَهٗۤ اُولٰٓئِكَ فِی الْاَذَلِّیْنَ
Beshak jo log Allah aur uske Rasool ki mukhalifat karte hain, wohi sab se zaleel logon mein se hain.
Yeh ayat un logon ke liye sakht tanbeeh hai jo Allah aur uske Rasool ki mukhalifat karte hain. Mukhalifat se murad unke ahkamat ko na manna, unki hudood ko todna, aur unke khilaf dushmani rakhna hai. Munafiqeen isi category mein aate hain, kyunki woh zahiran imaan ka izhar karte hain lekin batini taur par Islam aur Musalmanon ke mukhalif hote hain.
Allah Ta'ala farmata hai ke aise log sab se zaleel logon mein se hain. Duniya mein unhe shayad kuch waqt ke liye izzat mil jaye, lekin akhirat mein woh sab se zyada zaleel aur ruswa honge. Unki zillat unke kufr, nifaq aur Allah ke deen se dushmani ki wajah se hogi. Yeh ayat un logon ke liye bhi ek sabaq hai jo Allah aur uske Rasool ki itaat se munh modte hain.
Surah 58 : 21
كَتَبَ اللّٰهُ لَاَغْلِبَنَّ اَنَا وَ رُسُلِیْ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ قَوِیٌّ عَزِیْزٌ
Allah ne likh diya hai ke main aur mere Rasool ghalib rahenge. Beshak Allah quwwat wala, zabardast hai.
Is ayat mein Allah Ta'ala apne azm aur irade ka izhar farma raha hai ke woh aur uske Rasool hamesha ghalib rahenge. Yeh Allah ka pakka wa'da hai jo kabhi toot nahi sakta. Allah ne apni qudrat aur hikmat se yeh faisla kar liya hai ke uske deen aur uske paighambar har zamane mein, har halat mein kamyab honge, chahe zahiri taur par kitni bhi mushkilat kyun na hon.
Is ghalbe se murad sirf jangon mein fatah nahi, balki dunya mein deen ka phailna, uske ahkamat ka nafiz hona, aur akhirat mein unke liye buland darjat aur jannat ka milna bhi hai. Allah Ta'ala ne is ayat ke ikhtitam par apni sifat batayi hain: "Beshak Allah quwwat wala, zabardast hai." Iska matlab hai ke uski quwwat be-inteha hai aur uski azmat ke samne koi thehar nahi sakta. Jab Allah ne kisi cheez ka irada kar liya to use koi rokne wala nahi. Uska har faisla naafiz ho kar rehta hai.
Isi tarah Surah Al-Mujadila ki ayat 20 mein bhi Allah farmata hai: "Beshak jo log Allah aur uske Rasool ki mukhalifat karte hain, woh zaleel hone walon mein se hain."
Surah 58 : 22
لَا تَجِدُ قَوْمًا یُّؤْمِنُوْنَ بِاللّٰهِ وَ الْیَوْمِ الْاٰخِرِ یُوَآدُّوْنَ مَنْ حَآدَّ اللّٰهَ وَ رَسُوْلَهٗ وَ لَوْ كَانُوْۤا اٰبَآءَهُمْ اَوْ اَبْنَآءَهُمْ اَوْ اِخْوَانَهُمْ اَوْ عَشِیْرَتَهُمْ اُولٰٓئِكَ كَتَبَ فِیْ قُلُوْبِهِمُ الْاِیْمَانَ وَ اَیَّدَهُمْ بِرُوْحٍ مِّنْهُ وَ یُدْخِلُهُمْ جَنّٰتٍ تَجْرِیْ مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الْاَنْهٰرُ خٰلِدِیْنَ فِیْهَا رَضِیَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُمْ وَ رَضُوْا عَنْهُ اُولٰٓئِكَ حِزْبُ اللّٰهِ اَلَاۤ اِنَّ حِزْبَ اللّٰهِ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُوْنَ
Aap aise logon ko nahi paayenge jo Allah aur Qayamat ke din par iman rakhte hon aur un logon se dosti rakhte hon jinhon ne Allah aur uske Rasool ki mukhalifat ki, chahe woh unke baap hon, ya unke bete hon, ya unke bhai hon, ya unka qabila ho. Yahi log hain jinke dilon mein Allah ne iman likh diya hai aur unko apni taraf se rooh (madad) se taeed di hai. Aur woh unko aisi jannaton mein dakhil karega jinke neeche nahrein behti hongi, woh unmein hamesha rahenge. Allah unse raazi hua aur woh Allah se raazi hue. Yahi log Allah ki jamaat hain. Khabardar! Beshak Allah ki jamaat hi kamyab hone wali hai.
Is ayat mein Allah Ta'ala iman walon ki ek azeem siffat bayan farma raha hai. Woh farmata hai ke sachche momin kabhi bhi un logon se dosti nahi rakhte jo Allah aur uske Rasool ke mukhalif hon, chahe woh unke qareebi rishtedar hi kyun na hon, jaise baap, bete, bhai ya qabila. Iman ka taqaza hai ke Allah aur uske Rasool ki muhabbat har rishte aur har cheez par muqaddam ho. Jab iman dil mein rasikh ho jata hai, to woh shakhs Allah ke dushmanon se muhabbat nahi kar sakta.
Aise log jinke dilon mein iman mazboot ho chuka hai, Allah Ta'ala unke dilon mein iman ko likh deta hai aur unko apni taraf se rooh (yani khas madad aur taeed) se quwwat bakhshta hai. Is rooh se murad ya to Jibreel (A.S.) hain, ya Quran, ya iman ki roohani quwwat. Is madad ke natije mein woh har mushkil mein sabit qadam rehte hain. Allah Ta'ala unko jannaton mein dakhil karega jinke neeche nahrein behti hongi, jahan woh hamesha rahenge.
Is ayat ka ikhtitam is azeem basharat par hota hai ke Allah unse raazi hua aur woh Allah se raazi hue. Yeh sabse badi kamyabi hai. Aise log hi Allah ki jamaat (Hizbullah) hain. Aur yaqeenan, Allah ki jamaat hi dunya aur akhirat mein kamyab hone wali hai. Sahih Muslim mein Hazrat Anas (R.A.) se riwayat hai ke Nabi Akram (S.A.W.) ne farmaya: "Tum mein se koi us waqt tak momin nahi ho sakta jab tak main uske nazdeek uske walid, uski aulad aur tamam logon se zyada mehboob na ho jaaun." (Sahih Muslim: Kitab-ul-Iman, Hadees: 44)
