Surah Al-Hashr (Ikhtataam ya Jama karna) ek Madani Surah hai aur iska nuzool Madinah ke Yahudi qabeelay 'Bani Nazir' ki jala-watni (exile) ke mauqe par hua. Is Surah ki Markazi Theme 'Allah ki qudrat aur Munafiqeen ki ruswayi' hai. Surah ki shuruaat Allah ki tasbeeh se hoti hai ke asmanon aur zameen ki har cheez Usi ki paki bayan karti hai. Ismein bataya gaya hai ke kis tarah Allah ne Yahood ke un qilo ko musakh-khar kar diya jinhein woh bohot mazboot samajhte the. Ahkam aur naseehatein yeh hain: Ismein 'Maal-e-Fay' (woh maal jo baghair jung ke hasil ho) ke ahkaam diye gaye hain ke yeh sirf Allah, Uske Rasool, qaraibat-daaron, yateemon aur miskeenon ke liye hai taake daulat sirf ameeron ke darmiyan hi na ghoomti rahe. Surah mein Muhajireen aur Ansar ki tareef ki gayi hai ke Ansar ne apni zaroorat ke bawajood Muhajireen ko apne upar fauqiyat di. Surah ke aakhir mein Quran ki azmat bayan ki gayi hai ke agar yeh Quran kisi pahar par nazil hota to woh Allah ke darr se phat jata. Sab se aakhir mein Allah Ta'ala ke bohot pyare 'Asma-ul-Husna' (khoobsurat naam) bayan kiye gaye hain jin par khatam hona is Surah ki khusoosiyat hai.
Surah 59 : 0
بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
Allah ke Naam se, jo bada Meherbaan, Nihayat Reham waala hai.
Yeh mubarak ayat har achhe kaam ki ibtida mein padhi jati hai, taake us kaam mein Allah Ta'ala ki barkat aur madad shamil ho. Is mein Allah ke do azeem sifati naam Ar-Rahman aur Ar-Rahim bayan kiye gaye hain. Ar-Rahman us zaat ko kehte hain jiski rehmat tamam makhlooq ke liye aam hai, chahe woh momin ho ya kafir. Jabke Ar-Rahim us zaat ko kehte hain jiski rehmat khaas taur par sirf momineen ke liye hai, khaas kar Aakhirat mein. Is tarah, Bismillah kehne se hum Allah ki wasee rehmat aur uski khaas shafqat dono ka iqrar karte hain, aur uski panah aur madad talab karte hain.
Surah 59 : 1
سَبَّحَ لِلّٰهِ مَا فِی السَّمٰوٰتِ وَ مَا فِی الْاَرْضِ وَ هُوَ الْعَزِیْزُ الْحَكِیْمُ
Allah ki paaki bayan ki har us cheez ne jo aasmano aur zameen mein hai, aur woh zabardast hikmat wala hai.
Is Ayat mein Allah Ta'ala ki azmat aur qudrat ka bayan hai. Har woh cheez jo aasmano aur zameen mein maujood hai, chahe woh insaan ho, jin ho, farishte ho, ya bejaan ashya, sab Allah ki paaki aur uski hamd bayan karti hain. Unki tasbeeh ka tareeqa mukhtalif ho sakta hai, lekin har cheez apni fitrat ke mutabiq Allah ki wahdaniyat aur uski qudrat ka iqrar karti hai.
Allah Ta'ala ne farmaya ke woh Al-Azeez (zabardast) hai, yaani uski qudrat aur ghalba har cheez par hai, koi usko rok nahi sakta. Aur woh Al-Hakeem (hikmat wala) hai, yaani uske har kaam mein behtareen hikmat aur maslehat posheeda hoti hai. Uska har faisla adl aur hikmat par mabni hota hai.
Surah 59 : 2
هُوَ الَّذِیْ اَخْرَجَ الَّذِیْنَ كَفَرُوْا مِنْ اَهْلِ الْكِتٰبِ مِنْ دِیَارِهِمْ لِاَوَّلِ الْحَشْرِ مَا ظَنَنْتُمْ اَنْ یَّخْرُجُوْا وَ ظَنُّوْا اَنَّهُمْ مَّانِعَتُهُمْ حُصُوْنُهُمْ مِّنَ اللّٰهِ فَاَتٰىهُمُ اللّٰهُ مِنْ حَیْثُ لَمْ یَحْتَسِبُوْا وَ قَذَفَ فِیْ قُلُوْبِهِمُ الرُّعْبَ یُخْرِبُوْنَ بُیُوْتَهُمْ بِاَیْدِیْهِمْ وَ اَیْدِی الْمُؤْمِنِیْنَ فَاعْتَبِرُوْا یٰۤاُولِی الْاَبْصَارِ
Wohi hai jis ne Ahle Kitab mein se un kafiron ko unke gharon se pehli martaba nikala. Tumhara guman bhi na tha ke woh nikalenge, aur unhone samjha tha ke unke qile unhein Allah se bacha lenge. Phir Allah un par wahan se aaya jahan se unhein guman bhi na tha, aur unke dilon mein khauf daal diya. Woh apne gharon ko apne haathon aur momineen ke haathon se tabah kar rahe the. Pas, ae aankhon walo! Ibrat haasil karo.
Is Ayat mein Ghazwa Banu Nadir ka zikr hai, jo Madinah ke Yahudiyon ka ek qabila tha. Unhone Rasoolullah ﷺ se ahad shikni ki aur musalmanon ke khilaf sazish ki. Allah Ta'ala ne unhein unke gharon se nikalne ka hukm diya. Musalmanon ko guman bhi na tha ke woh apne mazboot qilon ko chhod kar nikal jayenge, aur Yahudiyon ko bhi apne qilon par bada bharosa tha.
Lekin Allah ne un par aisi jagah se hamla kiya jahan se unhein guman bhi na tha, aur unke dilon mein sakht khauf daal diya. Is khauf ki wajah se woh apne gharon ko khud apne haathon se tabah karne lage taake woh musalmanon ke kaam na aa saken. Musalman bhi unke qilon ko tod rahe the. Is waqiye mein Allah ki qudrat aur dushmanon ki zillat ka bayan hai. Allah ne farmaya ke ae aqal walo! Is waqiye se ibarat haasil karo ke Allah ke muqable mein koi taqat kaam nahi aati.
Surah 59 : 3
وَ لَوْ لَاۤ اَنْ كَتَبَ اللّٰهُ عَلَیْهِمُ الْجَلَآءَ لَعَذَّبَهُمْ فِی الدُّنْیَا وَ لَهُمْ فِی الْاٰخِرَةِ عَذَابُ النَّارِ
Aur agar Allah ne un par jila watani na likhi hoti, to woh unhein duniya mein hi azaab deta, aur unke liye aakhirat mein aag ka azaab hai.
Yeh Ayat pichli Ayat ki tafseer hai, jismein Banu Nadir ke anjaam ka zikr hai. Allah Ta'ala farmate hain ke agar un par jila watani (mulk badar karna) ka faisla na hua hota, to Allah unhein duniya mein hi kisi aur sakht azaab mein mubtala karta, maslan qatl ya qaid. Lekin Allah ne unke liye jila watani ka faisla kiya, jo unke liye ek tarah ki saza thi.
Iske bawajood, unke liye aakhirat mein jahannum ki aag ka azaab tayyar hai. Yeh is baat ki daleel hai ke Allah ki nafarmani karne walon ko duniya mein bhi saza mil sakti hai aur aakhirat mein bhi unhein sakht azaab ka saamna karna padega. Allah ka adl aur uski pakad bahut sakht hai, aur woh kisi zalim ko be-saza nahi chhodta.
Surah 59 : 4
ذٰلِكَ بِاَنَّهُمْ شَآقُّوا اللّٰهَ وَ رَسُوْلَهٗ وَ مَنْ یُّشَآقِّ اللّٰهَ فَاِنَّ اللّٰهَ شَدِیْدُ الْعِقَابِ
Yeh is wajah se hai ke unhone Allah aur uske Rasool ki mukhalifat ki, aur jo koi Allah ki mukhalifat karega, to beshak Allah sakht azaab dene wala hai.
Is Ayat mein Banu Nadir ke anjaam ki asal wajah bayan ki gayi hai. Un par jo azaab aur zillat aayi, woh is wajah se thi ke unhone Allah aur uske Rasool ﷺ ki mukhalifat ki. Unhone ahad shikni ki, Islam ke khilaf sazish ki, aur Rasoolullah ﷺ ko qatl karne ki koshish ki.
Allah Ta'ala ne wazeh farmaya ke jo koi bhi Allah aur uske Rasool ki mukhalifat karega, uske liye sakht azaab hai. Allah ki pakad bahut mazboot hai aur uska azaab shadeed hai. Is Ayat mein tamam insano ke liye ek sabaq aur tanbeeh hai ke Allah aur uske Rasool ki itaat mein hi kamyabi hai, aur unki nafarmani duniya aur aakhirat mein tabahi ka sabab banti hai. Allah Ta'ala kisi bhi mukhalif ko maaf nahi karta jab tak woh tauba na kare.
Surah 59 : 5
مَا قَطَعْتُمْ مِّنْ لِّیْنَةٍ اَوْ تَرَكْتُمُوْهَا قَآئِمَةً عَلٰۤى اُصُوْلِهَا فَبِاِذْنِ اللّٰهِ وَ لِیُخْزِیَ الْفٰسِقِیْنَ
Jo khajoor ke darakht tumne kaate ya unhein unki jaron par khada rehne diya, to yeh sab Allah ke hukm se tha, taake woh fasiqon ko zaleel kare.
Ghazwa Banu Nadir ke dauran, musalmanon ne Yahudiyon ke khajoor ke baaghat mein se kuch darakht kaate the aur kuch ko chhod diya tha. Is par Yahudiyon ne aitraz kiya tha ke yeh fasad fil arz hai. Is Ayat mein Allah Ta'ala ne wazahat farmai ke yeh amal Allah ke hukm aur uski ijazat se tha.
Iska maqsad sirf dushman ko kamzor karna aur unhein zaleel karna tha. Jang mein dushman ki iqtisadi quwwat ko todna aur unke hosle past karna jaiz hai. Is amal se Yahudiyon ko mazeed zillat aur ranj hua. Is tarah Allah ne fasiqon (nafarmanon) ko zaleel kiya. Yeh Ayat is baat ki daleel hai ke Islami jang ke usoolon ke mutabiq, dushman ko kamzor karne ke liye aise iqdamat kiye ja sakte hain jo Allah ki raza ke mutabiq hon.
Surah 59 : 6
وَ مَاۤ اَفَآءَ اللّٰهُ عَلٰى رَسُوْلِهٖ مِنْهُمْ فَمَاۤ اَوْجَفْتُمْ عَلَیْهِ مِنْ خَیْلٍ وَّ لَا رِكَابٍ وَّ لٰكِنَّ اللّٰهَ یُسَلِّطُ رُسُلَهٗ عَلٰى مَنْ یَّشَآءُ وَ اللّٰهُ عَلٰى كُلِّ شَیْءٍ قَدِیْرٌ
Aur jo kuch Allah ne apne Rasool ko un (Yahudiyon) se bila-jang dilaya hai, us par tum ne na ghore daudaye aur na oont. Lekin Allah apne Rasoolon ko jis par chahta hai musallat kar deta hai, aur Allah har cheez par Qadir hai.
Is Ayah mein maal-e-fay (wo maal jo dushman se baghair jang ke hasil ho) ke ahkam ki ibtida ki ja rahi hai. Allah Ta'ala ne farmaya ke jo maal Yahudiyon (Banu Nadir) se Rasoolullah ﷺ ko mila, us par Musalmanon ne na ghore daudaye aur na oont chalaye, ya'ni us ke liye koi jang ya mushaqqat nahi karni padi. Yeh maal Allah ne apne Rasool ko apni qudrat se dilaya.
Is se wazeh hota hai ke maal-e-fay, ghanimat (jang ke baad hasil hone wala maal) se mukhtalif hai. Ghanimat mein sipahiyon ka hissa hota hai jabke fay ka ikhtiyar mukammal taur par Allah aur uske Rasool ko hota hai. Allah Ta'ala apne Rasoolon ko jis par chahta hai ghalib kar deta hai, aur woh har cheez par mukammal qudrat rakhta hai. Yeh is baat ki daleel hai ke Allah ki madad se hi fatah hasil hoti hai, chahe us mein insani koshish shamil ho ya na ho.
Surah 59 : 7
مَاۤ اَفَآءَ اللّٰهُ عَلٰى رَسُوْلِهٖ مِنْ اَهْلِ الْقُرٰى فَلِلّٰهِ وَ لِلرَّسُوْلِ وَ لِذِی الْقُرْبٰى وَ الْیَتٰمٰى وَ الْمَسٰكِیْنِ وَ ابْنِ السَّبِیْلِ كَیْ لَا یَكُوْنَ دُوْلَةًۢ بَیْنَ الْاَغْنِیَآءِ مِنْكُمْ وَ مَاۤ اٰتٰىكُمُ الرَّسُوْلُ فَخُذُوْهُ وَ مَا نَهٰىكُمْ عَنْهُ فَانْتَهُوْا وَ اتَّقُوا اللّٰهَ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ شَدِیْدُ الْعِقَابِ
Jo kuch Allah ne apne Rasool ko bastiyon walon se dilaya hai, woh Allah ke liye hai aur Rasool ke liye, aur rishtedaron ke liye, aur yatimon ke liye, aur miskinon ke liye, aur musafiron ke liye hai, taake woh tumhare maal-daron ke darmiyan hi na ghoomta rahe. Aur jo kuch Rasool tumhe dein woh le lo, aur jis se mana karein us se ruk jao. Aur Allah se daro, beshak Allah sakht azaab dene wala hai.
Is Ayah mein maal-e-fay ki taqseem ke usool bayan kiye gaye hain. Yeh maal paanch hisson mein taqseem kiya jayega: Allah ke liye (jo aam musalmanon ke masalih par kharch hoga), Rasoolullah ﷺ ke liye, Rasool ke rishtedaron (Banu Hashim aur Banu Muttalib) ke liye, yatimon ke liye, miskinon ke liye, aur musafiron ke liye. Is taqseem ka maqsad yeh hai ke daulat sirf maal-daron ke darmiyan hi na ghoomti rahe, balkay ghareebon aur zarooratmand logon tak bhi pahunche, taake muashre mein maali tawazun qaim ho.
Ayah ka doosra hissa ek azeem usool bayan karta hai: "Aur jo kuch Rasool tumhe dein woh le lo, aur jis se mana karein us se ruk jao." Yeh hukm Rasoolullah ﷺ ki har baat, har amal aur har faisle ki pairwi ki bunyad hai. Is mein Deen ke tamam ahkam, Sunnat aur shariat shamil hain. Jo shakhs Rasoolullah ﷺ ki ita'at se inkar karta hai, woh Allah ke azaab ka mustahiq hai. Allah se darna aur uske ahkamat ki pairwi karna zaroori hai, kyunki Allah sakht azaab dene wala hai un logon ke liye jo uski aur uske Rasool ki nafarmani karte hain.
Surah 59 : 8
لِلْفُقَرَآءِ الْمُهٰجِرِیْنَ الَّذِیْنَ اُخْرِجُوْا مِنْ دِیَارِهِمْ وَ اَمْوَالِهِمْ یَبْتَغُوْنَ فَضْلًا مِّنَ اللّٰهِ وَ رِضْوَانًا وَّ یَنْصُرُوْنَ اللّٰهَ وَ رَسُوْلَهٗ اُولٰٓئِكَ هُمُ الصّٰدِقُوْنَ
Yeh maal un fuqara Muhajireen ke liye hai jinhein unke gharon aur amwal se nikal diya gaya, woh Allah ke fazal aur uski raza ke talabgar hain aur Allah aur uske Rasool ki madad karte hain. Yahi log sacche hain.
Is Ayah mein maal-e-fay ke mustahiqeen mein se pehle giroh, ya'ni fuqara Muhajireen ka zikr kiya gaya hai. Yeh woh log the jinhein Makka se hijrat karne par majboor kiya gaya, aur unhein apne gharon aur jaidadon se mehroom kar diya gaya. Unhone yeh sab kuch Allah ki raza aur uske fazal ki talab mein qurban kiya. Unka maqsad sirf Allah aur uske Rasool ki nusrat karna tha.
Allah Ta'ala ne unhein "sacche log" qarar diya hai, kyunki unhone apne imaan aur Allah se kiye gaye ahad ko apni qurbaniyon se sabit kar dikhaya. Unki hijrat, maal ki qurbani aur Allah ki madad mein unka istiqamat, unke imaan ki sachaai ki daleel hai. Yeh Ayah Muhajireen ki azeem qurbaniyon aur unke buland maqam ko wazeh karti hai, aur unhein maal-e-fay ke mustahiqeen mein sab se awwal rakha gaya hai.
Surah 59 : 9
وَ الَّذِیْنَ تَبَوَّؤُ الدَّارَ وَ الْاِیْمَانَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ یُحِبُّوْنَ مَنْ هَاجَرَ اِلَیْهِمْ وَ لَا یَجِدُوْنَ فِیْ صُدُوْرِهِمْ حَاجَةً مِّمَّاۤ اُوْتُوْا وَ یُؤْثِرُوْنَ عَلٰۤى اَنْفُسِهِمْ وَ لَوْ كَانَ بِهِمْ خَصَاصَةٌ وَ مَنْ یُّوْقَ شُحَّ نَفْسِهٖ فَاُولٰٓئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُوْنَ
Aur woh log jinhon ne un (Muhajireen) se pehle Madine ko aur imaan ko apna ghar bana liya tha, woh un logon se mohabbat karte hain jinhon ne unki taraf hijrat ki, aur woh apne dilon mein us cheez ki koi khwahish nahi paate jo unhein di gayi, aur woh apne aap par doosron ko tarjeeh dete hain, chahe unhein khud kitni hi tangi ho. Aur jo shakhs apne nafs ki hirs se bacha liya gaya, to wahi log kamyab hain.
Is Ayah mein Ansar (Madine ke woh log jinhon ne Muhajireen ko panah di) ki tareef bayan ki gayi hai. Unhone Muhajireen se pehle Madine ko apna ghar banaya aur imaan ko mazbooti se apnaya. Unki sab se numaya sifat yeh thi ke woh Muhajireen se be-panah mohabbat karte the, unka khair-maqdam karte the, aur unki madad mein koi kasar nahi chhodte the.
Ansar ki ek aur azeem khasiyat yeh thi ke unke dilon mein us maal ya fazilat ke liye koi hasad ya khwahish nahi thi jo Muhajireen ko di gayi. Balkay, woh apne aap par doosron ko tarjeeh dete the (eethar), chahe unhein khud kitni hi tangi aur zaroorat kyun na ho. Yeh eethar ki aala tareen misal hai.
Ayah ke ikhtitam par Allah Ta'ala ne farmaya ke jo shakhs apne nafs ki hirs (lalach aur kanjoosi) se bacha liya gaya, wahi log kamyab hain. Yeh is baat ki daleel hai ke nafs ki hirs se bachna aur sakhawat ikhtiyar karna duniya aur akhirat ki kamyabi ka zariya hai. Ansar ne is sifat ko apni zindagi mein amal kar ke dikhaya.
Surah 59 : 10
وَ الَّذِیْنَ جَآءُوْ مِنْۢ بَعْدِهِمْ یَقُوْلُوْنَ رَبَّنَا اغْفِرْ لَنَا وَ لِاِخْوَانِنَا الَّذِیْنَ سَبَقُوْنَا بِالْاِیْمَانِ وَ لَا تَجْعَلْ فِیْ قُلُوْبِنَا غِلًّا لِّلَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْا رَبَّنَاۤ اِنَّكَ رَءُوْفٌ رَّحِیْمٌ
Aur woh log jo unke baad aaye, woh kehte hain: 'Aye hamare Rabb! Hamen bakhsh de aur hamare un bhaiyon ko bhi jo imaan mein hum se pehle guzar chuke hain, aur hamare dilon mein imaan walon ke liye koi keena (bughz) na rakh. Aye hamare Rabb! Beshak tu bada shafqat wala, nihayat meharban hai.'
Is Ayah mein un tamam logon ka zikr hai jo Muhajireen aur Ansar ke baad qiyamat tak imaan layenge. Allah Ta'ala ne unke liye ek misali dua sikhayi hai, jo unke imaan ki sachaai aur salaf-e-saleheen (guzre hue naik logon) ke liye unke ehteram ko zahir karti hai. Woh Allah se apne liye aur un tamam bhaiyon ke liye maghfirat talab karte hain jo imaan mein unse pehle guzar chuke hain.
Is dua ka sab se ahem hissa yeh hai ke woh Allah se iltija karte hain ke unke dilon mein imaan walon ke liye koi keena (bughz, hasad ya dushmani) na rakhe. Yeh dua Musalmanon ke darmiyan ittehad, mohabbat aur yakjehti ki bunyad hai. Is se maloom hota hai ke imaan walon ke dilon mein ek doosre ke liye safai aur khair-khwahi honi chahiye. Yeh Ayah Sahaba-e-Kiram ki azmat ko bhi tasleem karti hai aur unke liye dua karne ki taleem deti hai. Dua ka ikhtitam Allah ki sifaton, Rauf (nihayat shafqat wala) aur Raheem (nihayat meharban) par hota hai, jo uski rehmat aur bakhshish ki ummeed dilata hai.
Surah 59 : 11
اَلَمْ تَرَ اِلَى الَّذِیْنَ نَافَقُوْا یَقُوْلُوْنَ لِاِخْوَانِهِمُ الَّذِیْنَ كَفَرُوْا مِنْ اَهْلِ الْكِتٰبِ لَئِنْ اُخْرِجْتُمْ لَنَخْرُجَنَّ مَعَكُمْ وَ لَا نُطِیْعُ فِیْكُمْ اَحَدًا اَبَدًا وَّ اِنْ قُوْتِلْتُمْ لَنَنْصُرَنَّكُمْ وَ اللّٰهُ یَشْهَدُ اِنَّهُمْ لَكٰذِبُوْنَ
Kya aap ne un logon ko nahi dekha jinhon ne munafiqat ki? Woh apne un bhaiyon se jo Ahle Kitab mein se kafir hain kehte hain: "Agar tumhein nikala gaya to hum yaqeenan tumhare saath nikal jayenge, aur tumhare mamle mein hum kabhi kisi ki baat nahi manenge. Aur agar tum se jang ki gayi to hum zaroor tumhari madad karenge." Aur Allah gawah hai ke woh yaqeenan jhoote hain.
Is Ayat mein Allah Ta'ala munafiqeen ke kirdar ko wazeh kar rahe hain. Yeh woh log the jo zahiran Islam ka izhar karte the lekin batini taur par kafir the. Jab Madinah ke Yahoodiyon (Ahle Kitab mein se kafir) ko Musalmanon ne gher liya aur unhein jala watan karne ka irada kiya, to munafiqeen ne un se chupke se wada kiya ke agar unhein nikala gaya to woh bhi unke saath nikal jayenge. Unhone yeh bhi kaha ke woh unke mamle mein kisi ki baat nahi manenge aur agar un se jang ki gayi to woh unki madad karenge.
Allah Ta'ala is baat ki gawahi de rahe hain ke yeh munafiqeen apne in waadon mein jhoote hain. Unka yeh wada sirf dikhawa tha aur woh apne dilon mein Yahoodiyon se bhi zyada Musalmanon se khaufzada the. Is se munafiqeen ki do-rukhi aur be-imani wazeh hoti hai, jo hamesha mauqa parasti ka shikar rehte hain.
Surah 59 : 12
لَئِنْ اُخْرِجُوْا لَا یَخْرُجُوْنَ مَعَهُمْ وَ لَئِنْ قُوْتِلُوْا لَا یَنْصُرُوْنَهُمْ وَ لَئِنْ نَّصَرُوْهُمْ لَیُوَلُّنَّ الْاَدْبَارَ ثُمَّ لَا یُنْصَرُوْنَ
Agar unhein nikala gaya to yeh unke saath nahi nikalenge, aur agar un se jang ki gayi to yeh unki madad nahi karenge. Aur agar bilfarz yeh unki madad karein bhi to peeth pher kar bhaag jayenge, phir unhein koi madad nahi milegi.
Pichli Ayat mein munafiqeen ne Ahle Kitab ke kafiron se jo waade kiye the, is Ayat mein Allah Ta'ala un waadon ki be-haqeeqati aur unke anjaam ko bayan kar rahe hain. Allah Ta'ala farmate hain ke agar Yahoodiyon ko unke gharon se nikala gaya to munafiqeen hargiz unke saath nahi nikalenge. Aur agar Yahoodiyon se Musalmanon ki jang hui to munafiqeen unki madad ko nahi aayenge.
Mazeed farmaya gaya ke agar bilfarz woh madad ke liye aayen bhi to woh peeth pher kar bhaag jayenge, aur phir unhein kisi taraf se koi madad nahi milegi. Yeh Ayat munafiqeen ki buzdili, be-imani aur waada khilafi ko be-naqaab karti hai. Unka maqsad sirf apne zaati mafadaat ka tahaffuz tha, aur woh kisi bhi qurbani ke liye tayyar nahi the. Is se unki kamzori aur be-asliyat zahir hoti hai.
Surah 59 : 13
لَاَنْتُمْ اَشَدُّ رَهْبَةً فِیْ صُدُوْرِهِمْ مِّنَ اللّٰهِ ذٰلِكَ بِاَنَّهُمْ قَوْمٌ لَّا یَفْقَهُوْنَ
Yaqeenan tum (Musalman) unke dilon mein Allah se bhi zyada khaufnaak ho. Yeh isliye hai ke woh aise log hain jo samajh nahi rakhte.
Is Ayat mein Allah Ta'ala Musalmanon ki shaan aur dushmanon ke dilon mein unke khauf ko bayan kar rahe hain. Farmaya gaya ke tum (Musalman) un (munafiqeen aur Ahle Kitab ke kafiron) ke dilon mein Allah se bhi zyada khaufnaak ho. Is ka matlab yeh hai ke unke dilon mein Allah ka khauf itna nahi jitna tumhara hai. Woh Allah ki azmat aur qudrat ko samajhne se qasir hain, isliye unhein Allah se zyada Musalmanon ka darr hai jo unhein duniya mein saza de sakte hain.
Is ki wajah yeh bayan ki gayi hai ke woh aise log hain jo samajh nahi rakhte. Yani unke paas haqeeqat ko samajhne ki aqal nahi hai. Agar woh aqalmand hote to Allah se darte aur uske ahkamaat ki pairwi karte. Unka yeh khauf Musalmanon ki haibat aur taqat ki nishani hai, jo Allah ki madad se unhein hasil hui hai.
Surah 59 : 14
لَا یُقَاتِلُوْنَكُمْ جَمِیْعًا اِلَّا فِیْ قُرًى مُّحَصَّنَةٍ اَوْ مِنْ وَّرَآءِ جُدُرٍ بَاْسُهُمْ بَیْنَهُمْ شَدِیْدٌ تَحْسَبُهُمْ جَمِیْعًا وَّ قُلُوْبُهُمْ شَتّٰى ذٰلِكَ بِاَنَّهُمْ قَوْمٌ لَّا یَعْقِلُوْنَ
Woh tum se sab mil kar nahi ladenge siwaye qile band bastiyon mein ya deewaron ke peechhe se. Unki bahaduri aapas mein badi sakht hai. Tum unhein muttahid samajhte ho, halanke unke dil juda juda hain. Yeh isliye hai ke woh aise log hain jo aqal nahi rakhte.
Is Ayat mein Allah Ta'ala dushmanon (munafiqeen aur Ahle Kitab ke kafiron) ki jang ki hikmat amli aur unki kamzoriyon ko wazeh kar rahe hain. Farmaya gaya ke woh tum se sab mil kar khule maidan mein jang nahi karenge. Unki jang sirf qile band bastiyon ke andar ya deewaron ke peechhe se hogi. Yeh unki buzdili aur Musalmanon se khauf ki alamat hai ke woh saamne se muqabla karne ki jurrat nahi rakhte.
Mazeed farmaya gaya ke unki bahaduri aapas mein badi sakht hai, yani woh aapas mein ek doosre par sakhti karte hain lekin Musalmanon ke muqable mein buzdil hain. Tum unhein muttahid samajhte ho, halanke unke dil juda juda hain. Unmein ittefaq aur ittehad ki kami hai. Iski wajah yeh hai ke woh aise log hain jo aqal nahi rakhte. Agar woh aqalmand hote to ittefaq karte aur Allah ke raste par chalte.
Surah 59 : 15
كَمَثَلِ الَّذِیْنَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ قَرِیْبًا ذَاقُوْا وَبَالَ اَمْرِهِمْ وَ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ اَلِیْمٌ
Unki misaal un logon jaisi hai jo un se thodi der pehle guzre, jinhon ne apne kaam ka wabaal chakkha, aur unke liye dardnaak azaab hai.
Is Ayat mein Allah Ta'ala munafiqeen aur Ahle Kitab ke kafiron ko un logon ki misaal de kar darate hain jo un se thodi der pehle guzre. Is se murad Banu Qainuqa' aur Banu Nazeer ke Yahoodi ho sakte hain, ya phir Badar ki jang mein qatl hone wale mushrikeen-e-Makkah. Unhon ne apne bure aamal ka wabaal (natija) chakkha, yani unhein duniya mein zillat aur shikast mili.
Aur unke liye aakhirat mein dardnaak azaab tayyar hai. Yeh Ayat ek ibrat hai ke jo log Allah aur uske Rasool ki mukhalifat karte hain, unka anjaam duniya mein bhi bura hota hai aur aakhirat mein bhi woh shadeed azaab ka shikar honge. Is se Musalmanon ko tasalli di ja rahi hai ke dushmanon ka anjaam zillat aur ruswai hai, jaisa ke guzri hui qaumon ka hua. Allah ka qanoon adl sab ke liye yaksaan hai.
Surah 59 : 16
كَمَثَلِ الشَّیْطٰنِ اِذْ قَالَ لِلْاِنْسَانِ اكْفُرْۚ فَلَمَّا كَفَرَ قَالَ اِنِّیْ بَرِیْٓءٌ مِّنْكَ اِنِّیْۤ اَخَافُ اللّٰهَ رَبَّ الْعٰلَمِیْنَ
Unki misaal shaitan jaisi hai jab usne insaan se kaha: "Kufr kar!" Phir jab usne kufr kiya, to shaitan ne kaha: "Main tujhse bezaar hoon, main Allah se darta hoon jo tamam jahanon ka Rab hai."
Yeh ayat munafiqeen ki misaal shaitan se deti hai. Shaitan insaan ko kufr par uksata hai, lekin jab insaan kufr kar leta hai, to shaitan usse bezaari ka izhaar karta hai aur kehta hai ke woh Allah se darta hai jo tamam jahanon ka Rab hai. Yeh misaal shaitan ki dhokebaazi aur uski zimmedari se farar ko wazeh karti hai. Woh logon ko gumrah karta hai lekin jab woh pakde jaate hain ya anjaam samne aata hai, to woh unka saath chhod deta hai. Isi tarah, munafiqeen bhi logon ko Allah ke ahkamaat ke khilaf uksate hain, lekin jab mushkilat aati hain to woh unhein tanha chhod dete hain. Yeh shaitan aur munafiqeen dono ki fareb-kari aur be-wafai ko numaya karta hai.
Surah 59 : 17
فَكَانَ عَاقِبَتَهُمَاۤ اَنَّهُمَا فِی النَّارِ خَالِدَیْنِ فِیْهَاؕ وَ ذٰلِكَ جَزٰؤُا الظّٰلِمِیْنَ
Phir un dono ka anjaam yeh hua ke woh dono dozakh mein hamesha rahenge, aur yahi zalimon ki saza hai.
Yeh ayat pichli ayat ka tasalsul hai aur dhoka dene wale (shaitan) aur dhoka khane wale (jisne kufr kiya) dono ke anjaam ko bayan karti hai. Allah Ta'ala farmata hai ke un dono ka anjaam yeh hoga ke woh hamesha dozakh mein rahenge. Yeh ek sakht tanbeeh aur dhamki hai un logon ke liye jo kufr aur na-farmani ka rasta ikhtiyar karte hain, aur un logon ke liye bhi jo doosron ko gumrah karte hain. Ismein wazeh kiya gaya hai ke zulm karne walon ki saza yahi hai. Yahan 'zalimeen' se murad woh sab log hain jo Allah ki hudood ko paar karte hain, chahe woh kufr ki dawat dene wale hon ya use qubool karne wale.
Surah 59 : 18
یٰۤاَیُّهَا الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوا اتَّقُوا اللّٰهَ وَ لْتَنْظُرْ نَفْسٌ مَّا قَدَّمَتْ لِغَدٍۚ وَ اتَّقُوا اللّٰهَؕ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ خَبِیْرٌۢ بِمَا تَعْمَلُوْنَ
Aye imaan walo! Allah se daro, aur har shakhs dekhe ke usne kal (aakhirat) ke liye kya aage bheja hai. Aur Allah se daro. Beshak Allah tumhare amaal se ba-khabar hai.
Is ayat mein imaan walon ko Taqwa ikhtiyar karne ka hukm diya gaya hai. Allah se darne ka matlab hai uske ahkamaat ki pabandi karna aur uski na-farmani se bachna. Ismein do martaba Taqwa ka zikr iski ahmiyat ko numaya karta hai. Pehli baar Taqwa ka hukm dekar, insaan ko apne amaal ka jaiza lene ki targheeb di gayi hai ke usne apni aakhirat ke liye kya tayyari ki hai. Har shakhs ko chahiye ke woh apne amaal par ghaur kare aur dekhe ke kya usne aise amaal kiye hain jo uske liye aakhirat mein nafa bakhsh honge. Doosri baar Taqwa ka hukm is baat par zor deta hai ke Allah har amal se ba-khabar hai, chahay woh zahiri ho ya batini. Isliye, har amal Allah ki raza ke mutabiq hona chahiye.
Surah 59 : 19
وَ لَا تَكُوْنُوْا كَالَّذِیْنَ نَسُوا اللّٰهَ فَاَنْسٰىهُمْ اَنْفُسَهُمْؕ اُولٰٓئِكَ هُمُ الْفٰسِقُوْنَ
Aur un logon jaise na ho jinhon ne Allah ko bhula diya, to Allah ne unko apni jaan bhula di. Yahi log fasik (na-farman) hain.
Yeh ayat imaan walon ko un logon jaisa banne se mana karti hai jinhon ne Allah ko bhula diya. Allah ko bhoolne ka matlab sirf zikr na karna nahi, balkay uske ahkamaat ko tark karna, uski hudood ko todna aur uski na-farmani karna hai. Jab insaan Allah ko bhool jaata hai, to Allah usko uski apni zaat se ghafil kar deta hai. Iska matlab yeh hai ke woh apni aakhirat, apne asal maqsad-e-hayat aur apne nafa-o-nuqsan ko bhool jaata hai. Woh sirf dunyawi masroofiyat mein kho jaata hai aur apni roohani tarbiyat aur nijaat ki fikr nahi karta. Aise log fasik (na-farman) kehlate hain, jo Allah ke raste se hat chuke hain aur apni tabahi ki taraf badh rahe hain.
Surah 59 : 20
لَا یَسْتَوِیْۤ اَصْحٰبُ النَّارِ وَ اَصْحٰبُ الْجَنَّةِؕ اَصْحٰبُ الْجَنَّةِ هُمُ الْفَآئِزُوْنَ
Dozakh wale aur jannat wale barabar nahi ho sakte. Jannat wale hi kamyab hain.
Yeh ayat wazeh karti hai ke duniya mein amaal ke aitbaar se logon ke do mukhtalif giroh hain, aur aakhirat mein unka anjaam bhi mukhtalif hoga. Ek giroh dozakh walon ka hai, jinhon ne kufr, shirk aur na-farmani ki zindagi guzari. Doosra giroh jannat walon ka hai, jinhon ne imaan, taqwa aur saleh amaal kiye. Allah Ta'ala farmata hai ke yeh dono giroh kabhi barabar nahi ho sakte. Jannat wale hi asal kamyab hain, kyunke unhon ne Allah ki raza hasil ki aur hamesha ki ne'maton wali jannat mein dakhil honge. Jabkay dozakh walon ko hamesha ka azab milega. Is ayah mein aakhirat ki haqeeqat aur amaal ke natije ki ahmiyat ko numaya kiya gaya hai.
Surah 59 : 21
لَوْ اَنْزَلْنَا هٰذَا الْقُرْاٰنَ عَلٰى جَبَلٍ لَّرَاَیْتَهٗ خَاشِعًا مُّتَصَدِّعًا مِّنْ خَشْیَةِ اللّٰهِ وَ تِلْكَ الْاَمْثَالُ نَضْرِبُهَا لِلنَّاسِ لَعَلَّهُمْ یَتَفَكَّرُوْنَ
Agar hum is Quran ko kisi pahar par utarte, to tum use Allah ke khauf se jhukta hua aur phat'ta hua dekhte. Aur yeh misalen hum logon ke liye bayan karte hain taake woh gaur-o-fikr karein.
Is Ayat mein Allah Ta'ala Quran ki azmat aur uske asar ko bayan farma rahe hain. Agar yeh Quran, jo insaniyat ki hidayat ke liye nazil hua hai, kisi mazboot aur pathrele pahar par nazil hota, to woh bhi Allah ke khauf aur uski jalalat se jhuk jata aur phat jata. Is se murad yeh hai ke Quran mein itni quwwat aur asar hai ke be-jaan cheezein bhi uski haibat se mutasir ho jati hain.
Yeh misal logon ke liye di ja rahi hai taake woh Quran ki ahmiyat ko samjhein aur us par gaur-o-fikr karein. Jab ek be-jaan pahar Allah ke kalam ki azmat ko bardasht nahi kar sakta, to insaan ko, jise aqal aur samajh di gayi hai, kitna mutasir hona chahiye aur uske ehkamat par amal karna chahiye. Is se insaan ko apni ghaflat se bedar hone aur Allah ke kalam ki qadar karne ki targheeb milti hai.
Surah 59 : 22
هُوَ اللّٰهُ الَّذِیْ لَاۤ اِلٰهَ اِلَّا هُوَ عٰلِمُ الْغَیْبِ وَ الشَّهَادَةِ هُوَ الرَّحْمٰنُ الرَّحِیْمُ
Wohi Allah hai jiske siwa koi ma'bood nahi. Woh ghaib aur hazir ka janne wala hai. Woh nihayat meherban, hamesha reham karne wala hai.
Is Ayat mein Allah Ta'ala apni wahdaniyat aur chand ahem sifaat ka zikr farma rahe hain. Sab se pehle farmaya gaya ke 'Wohi Allah hai jiske siwa koi ma'bood nahi'. Yeh tauheed ka bunyadi aqeeda hai, jo Islam ki asal hai. Iska matlab hai ke ibadat ke laiq sirf Allah Ta'ala hi hai, aur uske siwa koi aur ibadat ka haqdar nahi.
Phir Allah Ta'ala ki do ahem sifaat bayan ki gayi hain: 'Aalim-ul-Ghaib-i-wash-Shahadah' yaani woh ghaib aur hazir, zahir aur poshida, har cheez ka janne wala hai. Koi cheez uske ilm se bahar nahi. Iske baad Allah ki do sifati naam, 'Ar-Rahman' aur 'Ar-Rahim' ka zikr hai, jo uski be-inteha rehmat aur meherbani ko zahir karte hain. Woh duniya mein bhi sab par meherban hai aur akhirat mein bhi apne momin bandon par khaas reham farmane wala hai.
Surah 59 : 23
هُوَ اللّٰهُ الَّذِیْ لَاۤ اِلٰهَ اِلَّا هُوَ اَلْمَلِكُ الْقُدُّوْسُ السَّلٰمُ الْمُؤْمِنُ الْمُهَیْمِنُ الْعَزِیْزُ الْجَبَّارُ الْمُتَكَبِّرُ سُبْحٰنَ اللّٰهِ عَمَّا یُشْرِكُوْنَ
Wohi Allah hai jiske siwa koi ma'bood nahi. Badshah, nihayat paak, salamati dene wala, aman dene wala, nigehban, zabardast, ghalib, mutakabbir. Allah paak hai un cheezon se jo woh shareek thehrate hain.
Yeh Ayat bhi Allah Ta'ala ki wahdaniyat aur uski azeem sifaat ka bayan hai. Is mein Allah ke chand khoobsurat naam (Asma-ul-Husna) zikr kiye gaye hain, jo uski zaat aur sifaat ki mukammal tasveer pesh karte hain. Woh 'Al-Malik' (Badshah) hai, har cheez ka malik aur hukmaran. 'Al-Quddus' (nihayat paak) hai, har aib aur kami se paak. 'As-Salam' (salamati dene wala) hai, jo har nuqs se mehfooz aur salamati ka sarchashma hai.
'Al-Mu'min' (aman dene wala) hai, jo apne bandon ko aman deta hai aur unke imaan ki tasdeeq karta hai. 'Al-Muhaymin' (nigehban) hai, jo har cheez par nigehban aur uski hifazat karne wala hai. 'Al-Aziz' (zabardast), 'Al-Jabbar' (ghalib) aur 'Al-Mutakabbir' (mutakabbir) hai, jo apni qudrat, azmat aur buzurgi mein be-misaal hai. Akhir mein farmaya gaya ke 'Allah paak hai un cheezon se jo woh shareek thehrate hain', jo shirk ki nindamat aur Allah ki be-misaali ko wazeh karta hai.
Surah 59 : 24
هُوَ اللّٰهُ الْخَالِقُ الْبَارِئُ الْمُصَوِّرُ لَهُ الْاَسْمَآءُ الْحُسْنٰى یُسَبِّحُ لَهٗ مَا فِی السَّمٰوٰتِ وَ الْاَرْضِ وَ هُوَ الْعَزِیْزُ الْحَكِیْمُ
Wohi Allah hai jo paida karne wala, ijaad karne wala, soorat banane wala hai. Usi ke liye behtareen naam hain. Jo kuch aasmanon aur zameen mein hai, sab uski tasbeeh karte hain. Aur woh zabardast, hikmat wala hai.
Is aakhri Ayat mein Allah Ta'ala apni khalq-o-takhleeq ki sifaat ko bayan farma rahe hain. Woh 'Al-Khaliq' (paida karne wala) hai, jo har cheez ko wujood bakhshta hai. 'Al-Bari' (ijaad karne wala) hai, jo cheezon ko be-misaal tareeqe se banata hai. 'Al-Musawwir' (soorat banane wala) hai, jo har makhlooq ko ek khaas shakal aur soorat deta hai.
Usi ke liye 'Al-Asma-ul-Husna' (behtareen naam) hain, jo uski zaat aur sifaat ki kamaliyat ko zahir karte hain. Iske baad farmaya gaya ke 'Jo kuch aasmanon aur zameen mein hai, sab uski tasbeeh karte hain'. Yeh is baat ki daleel hai ke har makhlooq, apni zuban mein, Allah ki paki aur buzurgi bayan karti hai. Akhir mein Allah Ta'ala ki do sifaat, 'Al-Aziz' (zabardast) aur 'Al-Hakim' (hikmat wala) ka zikr hai, jo uski qudrat aur hikmat-e-kaamila ko wazeh karta hai.
